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如何在每次函数调用之前等待setTimeout?

settimeout typescript html javascript

Sanju · 技术社区 · 7 年前

我需要使用多个参数多次调用函数。我希望在上一次调用超时后调用它。我试过下面的方法,但它似乎不能正常工作。( Here's the JSFiddle ).

现在它只在第一次呼叫后等待。我知道这不是正确的方法,但我找不到任何正确的例子来说明如何做到这一点。我还需要将其转换为 typescript ,请在回答时考虑这一点。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<p>Click the button to wait 3 seconds, then alert "Hello".</p>

<button onclick="call()">Call all methods</button>

<script>
var myVar;

function call(){
myFunction('normal1','heading1','message1');
myFunction('normal2','heading2','message2');
myFunction('normal3','heading3','message3');

/*Output should be:
(first time dont wait)
heading1 message1
(then wait for timeout and remove the elements)
heading2 message2
(then wait for timeout and remove the elements)
heading3 message3
*/
}

function myFunction(msgType,heading,message) {
console.log(!!document.getElementById("snackbarParent"),document.getElementById('snackbarParent'));
    if(document.getElementById("snackbarParent") == null)
    {
        alertFunc(msgType,heading,message);
    }
    else{
        setTimeout(function(){
        let parent = document.getElementById('snackbarParent');
            parent.parentNode.removeChild(parent);
            alertFunc(msgType,heading,message);
        },3500);
    }
}

function alertFunc(msgType,heading,message) {

    let div = document.createElement('div');
        div.className = 'snackbarParent';
        div.id = "snackbarParent";
        div.innerHTML = '<div id="snackbar"><b style="color:' + msgType + '"> ' + heading + ' </b>' + message + '</div>';

        document.documentElement.appendChild(div);
        // Get the snackbar DIV
        let x = document.getElementById("snackbar");

        // Add the "show" class to DIV
        x.className = "show";
    setTimeout(function(){
        x.className = x.className.replace("show", "");
        alert("Should display "+heading+" "+message+" now!");
    }, 3000);

}
</script>

</body>
</html>

注:

函数call()仅用于表示目的。参数可以有任何值,并且可以随时随地调用函数myFunction()。

4 回复 | 直到 7 年前

Titian Cernicova-Dragomir 7 年前

因为这个问题标有 typescript 我要告诉你,用Typescript写这个是一种选择。

你可以用 async/await 要在代码保持正常外观的同时轻松实现所需效果,请执行以下操作:

var myVar;

async function call(){
    await myFunction('normal1', 'heading1', 'message1');
    await myFunction('normal2', 'heading2', 'message2');
    await myFunction('normal3', 'heading3', 'message3');
}
function timeout(delay: number) {
    return new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, delay));
}
async function myFunction(msgType: string, heading: string, message: string) {
    console.log(!!document.getElementById("snackbarParent"), document.getElementById('snackbarParent'));
    if (document.getElementById("snackbarParent") == null) {
        await alertFunc(msgType, heading, message);
    }
    else {
        await timeout(3500);

        let parent = document.getElementById('snackbarParent');
        parent.parentNode.removeChild(parent);
        await alertFunc(msgType, heading, message);

    }
}

async function  alertFunc(msgType, heading, message) {

    let div = document.createElement('div');
    div.className = 'snackbarParent';
    div.id = "snackbarParent";
    div.innerHTML = '<div id="snackbar"><b style="color:' + msgType + '"> ' + heading + ' </b>' + message + '</div>';

    document.documentElement.appendChild(div);
    // Get the snackbar DIV
    let x = document.getElementById("snackbar");

    // Add the "show" class to DIV
    x.className = "show";
    await timeout(3000);
    x.className = x.className.replace("show", "");
    alert("Should display " + heading + " " + message + " now!");

}

笔记 :如果你不想要typescript,babel还支持 异步/等待 但你仍然需要一个transpiler。

笔记编译的目的 es5 具有 异步/等待 你需要一个 Priomise 如果承诺不在环境中,您可以使用流动的tconfig。json:

"compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "lib": [
        "es5",
        "es2015.promise",
        "dom"
    ]
}

纯js方法可以使用 onDone alertFunc 正如其他答案所表明的那样 alertFunc 可重用性较差:

function call() {
    myFunction('normal1', 'heading1', 'message1', function () {
        myFunction('normal2', 'heading2', 'message2', function () {
            myFunction('normal3', 'heading3', 'message3', function () {
                // DOne
            });
        });
    });
}
function myFunction(msgType, heading, message, onDone) {
    console.log(!!document.getElementById("snackbarParent"), document.getElementById('snackbarParent'));
    if (document.getElementById("snackbarParent") == null) {
        alertFunc(msgType, heading, message, onDone);
    }
    else {
        setTimeout(function () {
            var parent = document.getElementById('snackbarParent');
            parent.parentNode.removeChild(parent);
            alertFunc(msgType, heading, message, onDone);
        }, 3500);
    }
}
function alertFunc(msgType, heading, message, onDone) {
    var div = document.createElement('div');
    div.className = 'snackbarParent';
    div.id = "snackbarParent";
    div.innerHTML = '<div id="snackbar"><b style="color:' + msgType + '"> ' + heading + ' </b>' + message + '</div>';
    document.documentElement.appendChild(div);
    // Get the snackbar DIV
    var x = document.getElementById("snackbar");
    // Add the "show" class to DIV
    x.className = "show";
    setTimeout(function () {
        x.className = x.className.replace("show", "");
        alert("Should display " + heading + " " + message + " now!");
        if (onDone)
            onDone();
    }, 3000);
}

amir gorji 7 年前

var massages = [];
massages[0] = ['normal1','heading1','message1'];
massages[1] = ['normal2','heading2','message2'];
massages[2] = ['normal3','heading3','message3'];

function settime(i){
setTimeout(fn,3000,i)
}
function fn(i){
				var heading = massages[i][1],
        		message = massages[i][2],
            msgType = massages[i][0];
            let x = document.getElementById("snackbar");
       			 x.innerHTML = '<div id="snackbar"><b style="color:' + msgType + '"> ' + heading + ' </b>' + message + '</div>';
        alert("Should display "+heading+" "+message+" now!");
				if(i<massages.length-1) {i++;settime(i)};
}

<p>Click the button to wait 3 seconds, then alert "Hello".</p>

<button onclick="settime(0)">Try it</button>
<div id='snackbar'></div>

Emre Kabaoglu 7 年前

实际上,执行它不是一种好方法,但在这种情况下,您无法调用 myFunction 连续运行,因为 setTimeout 异步运行,不阻塞线程。所以,修改 alertFunc

function alertFunc(msgType,heading,message) {

    let div = document.createElement('div');
        div.className = 'snackbarParent';
        div.id = "snackbarParent";
        div.innerHTML = '<div id="snackbar"><b style="color:' + msgType + '"> ' + heading + ' </b>' + message + '</div>';

        document.documentElement.appendChild(div);
        // Get the snackbar DIV
        let x = document.getElementById("snackbar");

        // Add the "show" class to DIV
        x.className = "show";
    setTimeout(function(){
            if(msgType == "normal1")
            {
                 myFunction('normal2','heading2','message2');//Call second function after first one completed
            }
            if(msgType == "normal2")
            {
                 myFunction('normal3','heading3','message3');//Call third function after second one completed
            }
        x.className = x.className.replace("show", "");
        alert("Should display "+heading+" "+message+" now!");
    }, 3000);

}

调用函数如下所示;

function call(){
   myFunction('normal1','heading1','message1'); //Just call first function in the beginning
}

Fan Cheung 7 年前

试试这个图案

function callMe(yourParam){
//you can conditionly modify your param 
//if (somecondition)
// newParam=yourPram ... 
setTimeout(()=>callMe(newParam),1000)
}