Spring Boot DataJpaTest单元测试恢复为H2而不是mySql

我有一个简单的小“你好世界”春季启动应用程序。它只有一个实体(“IssueReport”),并配置为运行mySQL(而不是默认的H2嵌入式数据库)。

问:现在我如何在单元测试中使用mySQL(而不是嵌入式H2)?

1. 我创建了第二个单独的mySQL数据库: test2_test_db .

2. 我使用的是springboot2.0.6;sts3.9.6上的日蚀光子;Ubuntu Linux。

3. application-test.properties 在里面 src/test/resources/

   spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2_test_db
   spring.datasource.username=springuser
   spring.datasource.password=springuser
   spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
   

4. 下面是整个单元测试:

   package com.hellospring.example;
   
   import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
   import java.util.List;
   import javax.transaction.Transactional;
   import org.junit.Test;
   import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
   import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.TestEntityManager;
   import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
   import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
   import com.hellospring.example.entity.IssueReport;
   import com.hellospring.example.repositories.IssueRepository;
   
   @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
   @ActiveProfiles("test")
   @Transactional
   @DataJpaTest
   public class IssueRepositoryIntegrationTests {
   
        @Autowired
        private TestEntityManager entityManager;
   
        @Autowired
        private IssueRepository issueRepository;
   
        @Test
        public void addNewIssue() {
            System.out.println("addNewIssue()...");  // <-- This prints in the console
            final String email = "test@test.io";
            List<IssueReport> resultSet = issueRepository.findAll();  // <-- We get an exception in here...
        }  
   }
   

5. 以下是控制台错误:

   2018-10-25 22:20:16.381  INFO 13637 --- [           main] c.v.e.IssueRepositoryIntegrationTests    : The following profiles are active: test
   2018-10-25 22:20:16.405  INFO 13637 --- [           main] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@d554c5f: startup date [Thu Oct 25 22:20:16 PDT 2018]; root of context hierarchy
   2018-10-25 22:20:17.059  INFO 13637 --- [           main] beddedDataSourceBeanFactoryPostProcessor : Replacing 'dataSource' DataSource bean with embedded version
   2018-10-25 22:20:17.060  INFO 13637 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean 'dataSource' with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari; factoryMethodName=dataSource; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]] with [Root bean: class [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.jdbc.TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration$EmbeddedDataSourceFactoryBean]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null]
   2018-10-25 22:20:17.308  INFO 13637 --- [           main] o.s.j.d.e.EmbeddedDatabaseFactory        : Starting embedded database: url='jdbc:h2:mem:979b3ce9-604e-4efd-a6d4-79576c3d67e9;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=false', username='sa'
   2018-10-25 22:20:17.685  INFO 13637 --- [           main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Building JPA container EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
     ...  <= I do *NOT* want H2!  I want mySQL!
   
   2018-10-25 22:20:19.315  WARN 13637 --- [           main] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper   : SQL Error: 42102, SQLState: 42S02
   2018-10-25 22:20:19.316 ERROR 13637 --- [           main] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper   : Table "ISSUE_REPORT" not found; SQL statement:
     ...  <= Here's the exception from running the test...
   

问:最简单的改变是什么,这样我就可以用mySQL运行我的单元测试,就像我可以用mySQL运行我的Spring Boot应用一样?

问:“@DataJpaTest”是这里的最佳选择,还是我应该尝试不同的注释?

问:我必须创建一个单独的“Bean”类吗?如果是,你能举个例子吗?

================================================================

谢谢你的回复。包括Simon Martinelli(现已删除)的回复。

1. 我的原件 应用测试属性 一切正常。

2. 我放错地方了: 的application.properties文件 任何 src/main/resources

   <=示例: src/main/resources/application-test.properties

3. @Transactional 与此无关-我删除了它。我留着它 @ActiveProfiles("test")

4. 根据卡尔蒂克的建议,我补充道 @AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace=Replace.NONE)

5. 应用测试属性 用MySQL代替H2。

6. @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
   @ActiveProfiles("test")
   @DataJpaTest
   @AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace=Replace.NONE)
   public class IssueRepositoryIntegrationTests {
   

我发现这个链接特别有用: Spring Boot – Profile based properties and yaml example

<我总是能找到所有的材料 http://www.mkyong.com 非常好!