我正在处理Qt+C++(x11)。
我有一个基类和几个子类,它们返回一个指向该子类的新指针(协变)。我也需要返回这些子类的容器(QList)。举个例子:
class A
{
public:
int id;
}
class B : public A
{
int Age;
};
class WorkerA
{
public:
virtual A *newOne() {return new A()};
virtual QList<A*> *newOnes {
QList<A*> list = new QList<A*>;
//Perform some data search and insert it in list, this is only simple example. In real world it will call a virtual method to fill member data overriden in each subclass.
A* a = this.newOne();
a.id = 0;
list.append(this.newOne());
return list;
};
};
class WorkerB
{
public:
virtual B *newOne() override {return new B()}; //This compiles OK (covariant)
virtual QList<B*> *newOnes override { //This fails (QList<B*> is not covariant of QList<A*>)
(...)
};
};
这将无法编译,因为QList与QList的类型完全不同。但类似的东西会很好。在现实世界中,B将比A有更多的数据成员,并且会有C、D……,因此需要对列表的返回进行“协变”。我会变得更好:
WorkerB wb;
//some calls to wb...
QList<B*> *bList = wb.newOnes();
B* b = bList.at(0); //please excuse the absence of list size checking
info(b.id);
info(b.age);
比
WorkerB wb;
//some calls to wb...
QList<A*> *bList = wb.newOnes();
B* b = static_cast<B*>(bList.at(0)); //please excuse the absence of list size checking
info(b.id);
info(b.age);
有什么方法可以实现这一点吗?