按名称调用python方法

简单一:

class Foo:
    def bar1(self):
        print 1
    def bar2(self):
        print 2

def callMethod(o, name):
    getattr(o, name)()


f = Foo()
callMethod(f, "bar1")

看一看 getattr

您也可以使用 setattr 用于按名称设置类属性。

我有类似的问题,想通过引用调用实例方法。以下是我发现的一些有趣的事情:

instance_of_foo=Foo()

method_ref=getattr(Foo, 'bar')
method_ref(instance_of_foo) # instance_of_foo becomes self

instance_method_ref=getattr(instance_of_foo, 'bar')
instance_method_ref() # instance_of_foo already bound into reference

巨蟒太神奇了!

getattr(globals()['Foo'](), 'bar1')()
getattr(globals()['Foo'](), 'bar2')()

不需要先实例化foo!

def callmethod(cls, mtd_name):    
    method = getattr(cls, mtd_name)
    method()

这里是一个使用Python装饰器的更通用的版本。你可以用短或长的名字打电话。我发现它在使用短和长子命令实现CLI时很有用。

巨蟒装饰师真是太棒了。Bruce Eckel(在爪哇思考)在这里描述了Python装饰者。

http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=240808 http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=240845

#!/usr/bin/env python2

from functools import wraps


class CommandInfo(object):
    cmds = []

    def __init__(self, shortname, longname, func):
        self.shortname = shortname
        self.longname = longname
        self.func = func


class CommandDispatch(object):
    def __init__(self, shortname, longname):
        self.shortname = shortname
        self.longname = longname

    def __call__(self, func):
        print("hello from CommandDispatch's __call__")

        @wraps(func)
        def wrapped_func(wself, *args, **kwargs):
            print('hello from wrapped_func, args:{0}, kwargs: {1}'.format(args, kwargs))
            func(wself, *args, **kwargs)

        ci = CommandInfo
        ci.cmds += [ci(shortname=self.shortname, longname=self.longname, func=func)]
        return wrapped_func

    @staticmethod
    def func(name):
        print('hello from CommandDispatch.func')

        for ci in CommandInfo.cmds:
            if ci.shortname == name or ci.longname == name:
                return ci.func

        raise RuntimeError('unknown command')


@CommandDispatch(shortname='co', longname='commit')
def commit(msg):
    print('commit msg: {}'.format(msg))


commit('sample commit msg')         # Normal call by function name

cd = CommandDispatch
short_f = cd.func(name='co')        # Call by shortname
short_f('short sample commit msg')

long_f = cd.func(name='commit')     # Call by longname
long_f('long sample commit msg')


class A(object):
    @CommandDispatch(shortname='Aa', longname='classAmethoda')
    def a(self, msg):
        print('A.a called, msg: {}'.format(msg))


a = A()
short_fA = cd.func(name='Aa')
short_fA(a, 'short A.a msg')

long_fA = cd.func(name='classAmethoda')
long_fA(a, 'short A.a msg')