Python中本地网络的IP地址/主机名列表

如果“本地”是指在同一网段上,则必须执行以下步骤:

1. 确定您自己的IP地址
3. 确定网络范围
4. 扫描所有地址(除了最低地址,即网络地址和最高地址,即广播地址)。
5. 使用DNS的反向查找来确定响应扫描的IP地址的主机名。

或者,您可以让Python在外部执行nmap,并将结果通过管道传回您的程序。

:脚本现在位于上 github .

我写了一封信 small python script ,即利用 scapy arping() .

如果您知道计算机的名称,则可以使用:

import socket
IP1 = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname()) # local IP adress of your computer
IP2 = socket.gethostbyname('name_of_your_computer') # IP adress of remote computer

我从其他线程中收集了以下功能,它在Ubuntu中对我有效。

import os
import socket    
import multiprocessing
import subprocess
import os


def pinger(job_q, results_q):
    """
    Do Ping
    :param job_q:
    :param results_q:
    :return:
    """
    DEVNULL = open(os.devnull, 'w')
    while True:

        ip = job_q.get()

        if ip is None:
            break

        try:
            subprocess.check_call(['ping', '-c1', ip],
                                  stdout=DEVNULL)
            results_q.put(ip)
        except:
            pass


def get_my_ip():
    """
    Find my IP address
    :return:
    """
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    s.connect(("8.8.8.8", 80))
    ip = s.getsockname()[0]
    s.close()
    return ip


def map_network(pool_size=255):
    """
    Maps the network
    :param pool_size: amount of parallel ping processes
    :return: list of valid ip addresses
    """

    ip_list = list()

    # get my IP and compose a base like 192.168.1.xxx
    ip_parts = get_my_ip().split('.')
    base_ip = ip_parts[0] + '.' + ip_parts[1] + '.' + ip_parts[2] + '.'

    # prepare the jobs queue
    jobs = multiprocessing.Queue()
    results = multiprocessing.Queue()

    pool = [multiprocessing.Process(target=pinger, args=(jobs, results)) for i in range(pool_size)]

    for p in pool:
        p.start()

    # cue hte ping processes
    for i in range(1, 255):
        jobs.put(base_ip + '{0}'.format(i))

    for p in pool:
        jobs.put(None)

    for p in pool:
        p.join()

    # collect he results
    while not results.empty():
        ip = results.get()
        ip_list.append(ip)

    return ip_list


if __name__ == '__main__':

    print('Mapping...')
    lst = map_network()
    print(lst)

对于OSX(和Linux),一个简单的解决方案是使用os.popen或os.system并运行 arp -a 命令

例如:

devices = []
for device in os.popen('arp -a'): devices.append(device)

我找到了这个 network scanner in python article

linux: [20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 80, 111, 443, 445, 631, 993, 995]
windows: [135, 137, 138, 139, 445]
mac: [22, 445, 548, 631]

import socket

def connect(hostname, port):
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
    result = sock.connect_ex((hostname, port))
    sock.close()
    return result == 0

for i in range(0,255):
    res = connect("192.168.1."+str(i), 22)
    if res:
        print("Device found at: ", "192.168.1."+str(i) + ":"+str(22))

编辑 作者:TheLizzard:

使用上述代码并添加线程:

from threading import Thread, Lock
from time import perf_counter
from sys import stderr
from time import sleep
import socket


# I changed this from "192.168.1.%i" to "192.168.0.%i"
BASE_IP = "192.168.0.%i"
PORT = 80


class Threader:
    """
    This is a class that calls a list of functions in a limited number of
    threads. It uses locks to make sure the data is thread safe.
    Usage:
        from time import sleep

        def function(i):
            sleep(2)
            with threader.print_lock:
                print(i)

        threader = Threader(10) # The maximum number of threads = 10
        for i in range(20):
            threader.append(function, i)
        threader.start()
        threader.join()

    This class also provides a lock called: `<Threader>.print_lock`
    """
    def __init__(self, threads=30):
        self.thread_lock = Lock()
        self.functions_lock = Lock()
        self.functions = []
        self.threads = []
        self.nthreads = threads
        self.running = True
        self.print_lock = Lock()

    def stop(self) -> None:
        # Signal all worker threads to stop
        self.running = False

    def append(self, function, *args) -> None:
        # Add the function to a list of functions to be run
        self.functions.append((function, args))

    def start(self) -> None:
        # Create a limited number of threads
        for i in range(self.nthreads):
            thread = Thread(target=self.worker, daemon=True)
            # We need to pass in `thread` as a parameter so we
            # have to use `<threading.Thread>._args` like this:
            thread._args = (thread, )
            self.threads.append(thread)
            thread.start()

    def join(self) -> None:
        # Joins the threads one by one until all of them are done.
        for thread in self.threads:
            thread.join()

    def worker(self, thread:Thread) -> None:
        # While we are running and there are functions to call:
        while self.running and (len(self.functions) > 0):
            # Get a function
            with self.functions_lock:
                function, args = self.functions.pop(0)
            # Call that function
            function(*args)

        # Remove the thread from the list of threads.
        # This may cause issues if the user calls `<Threader>.join()`
        # But I haven't seen this problem while testing/using it.
        with self.thread_lock:
            self.threads.remove(thread)


start = perf_counter()
# I didn't need a timeout of 1 so I used 0.1
socket.setdefaulttimeout(0.1)

def connect(hostname, port):
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as sock:
        result = sock.connect_ex((hostname, port))
    with threader.print_lock:
        if result == 0:
            stderr.write(f"[{perf_counter() - start:.5f}] Found {hostname}\n")

threader = Threader(10)
for i in range(255):
    threader.append(connect, BASE_IP%i, PORT)
threader.start()
threader.join()
print(f"[{perf_counter() - start:.5f}] Done searching")
input("Press enter to exit.\n? ")

尝试:

import socket

print ([ip for ip in socket.gethostbyname_ex(socket.gethostname())[2] if not ip.startswith("127.")][:1])

我已经完成了以下代码,以获得MAC已知设备的IP。可以对其进行相应修改,以通过一些字符串操作获得所有IP。希望这对你有帮助。

#running windows cmd line  statement and put output into a string
cmd_out = os.popen("arp -a").read()
line_arr = cmd_out.split('\n')
line_count = len(line_arr)


#search in all lines for ip
for i in range(0, line_count):
    y = line_arr[i]
    z = y.find(mac_address)

    #if mac address is found then get the ip using regex matching
    if z > 0:
        ip_out= re.search('[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+', y, re.M | re.I)

答案之一 this question 也许对你有帮助。python似乎有一个平台无关的版本,但我还没有尝试过。

这是一个小工具 斯堪尼普 这将帮助您获取网络中的所有ip地址及其相应的mac地址(在Linux上工作)。

https://github.com/vivkv/scanip