检查python脚本是否正在运行

import socket
import sys
import time

def get_lock(process_name):
    # Without holding a reference to our socket somewhere it gets garbage
    # collected when the function exits
    get_lock._lock_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    try:
        # The null byte (\0) means the socket is created 
        # in the abstract namespace instead of being created 
        # on the file system itself.
        # Works only in Linux
        get_lock._lock_socket.bind('\0' + process_name)
        print 'I got the lock'
    except socket.error:
        print 'lock exists'
        sys.exit()


get_lock('running_test')
while True:
    time.sleep(3)

它是原子性的,避免了当你的进程收到SIGKILL时,锁文件到处乱放的问题

你可以 read in the documentation for socket.close 当垃圾被回收时,插座会自动关闭。

将pid文件放到某个地方(例如/tmp)。然后,您可以通过检查文件中的PID是否存在来检查进程是否正在运行。当您干净地关闭时,不要忘记删除该文件,并在启动时检查它。

#/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys

pid = str(os.getpid())
pidfile = "/tmp/mydaemon.pid"

if os.path.isfile(pidfile):
    print "%s already exists, exiting" % pidfile
    sys.exit()
file(pidfile, 'w').write(pid)
try:
    # Do some actual work here
finally:
    os.unlink(pidfile)

然后,您可以通过检查/tmp/mydaemon.pid的内容是否是现有进程来检查进程是否正在运行。Monit(如上所述)可以为您完成此操作,或者您可以编写一个简单的shell脚本,使用ps的返回代码为您检查它。

ps up `cat /tmp/mydaemon.pid ` >/dev/null && echo "Running" || echo "Not running"

为了获得额外的学分,您可以使用atexit模块来确保您的程序在任何情况下(当被杀死、引发异常等时)都能清理其pidfile。

这 pid

from pid import PidFile

with PidFile():
  do_something()

它还将自动处理pidfile存在但进程未运行的情况。

我的解决方案是检查进程和命令行参数 在windows和ubuntu linux上测试

import psutil
import os

def is_running(script):
    for q in psutil.process_iter():
        if q.name().startswith('python'):
            if len(q.cmdline())>1 and script in q.cmdline()[1] and q.pid !=os.getpid():
                print("'{}' Process is already running".format(script))
                return True

    return False


if not is_running("test.py"):
    n = input("What is Your Name? ")
    print ("Hello " + n)

当然,丹的例子不会像它应该的那样起作用。

我建议以下内容来自另一个网站:

这是为了检查是否已经存在锁文件

\#/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if os.access(os.path.expanduser("~/.lockfile.vestibular.lock"), os.F_OK):
        #if the lockfile is already there then check the PID number
        #in the lock file
        pidfile = open(os.path.expanduser("~/.lockfile.vestibular.lock"), "r")
        pidfile.seek(0)
        old_pid = pidfile.readline()
        # Now we check the PID from lock file matches to the current
        # process PID
        if os.path.exists("/proc/%s" % old_pid):
                print "You already have an instance of the program running"
                print "It is running as process %s," % old_pid
                sys.exit(1)
        else:
                print "File is there but the program is not running"
                print "Removing lock file for the: %s as it can be there because of the program last time it was run" % old_pid
                os.remove(os.path.expanduser("~/.lockfile.vestibular.lock"))

pidfile = open(os.path.expanduser("~/.lockfile.vestibular.lock"), "w")
pidfile.write("%s" % os.getpid())
pidfile.close()

此代码将检查与现有运行进程相比的pid值。避免双重执行。

我希望这会有所帮助。

在UNIX上重启进程有很多很好的软件包。有一个关于构建和配置它的很好的教程是 monit 通过一些调整,你可以拥有一种坚如磐石的成熟技术来保持你的守护进程。

我自己也遇到了这个老问题,正在寻找解决方案。

使用 psutil :

import psutil
import sys
from subprocess import Popen

for process in psutil.process_iter():
    if process.cmdline() == ['python', 'your_script.py']:
        sys.exit('Process found: exiting.')

print('Process not found: starting it.')
Popen(['python', 'your_script.py'])

ps ax | grep processName

并解析输出。许多人选择这种方法,在我看来,这不一定是一种糟糕的方法。

我非常喜欢 Supervisor XML-RPC process control API

尝试其他版本

def checkPidRunning(pid):        
    '''Check For the existence of a unix pid.
    '''
    try:
        os.kill(pid, 0)
    except OSError:
        return False
    else:
        return True

# Entry point
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pid = str(os.getpid())
    pidfile = os.path.join("/", "tmp", __program__+".pid")

    if os.path.isfile(pidfile) and checkPidRunning(int(file(pidfile,'r').readlines()[0])):
            print "%s already exists, exiting" % pidfile
            sys.exit()
    else:
        file(pidfile, 'w').write(pid)

    # Do some actual work here
    main()

    os.unlink(pidfile)

一种便携式解决方案,依赖于 multiprocessing.shared_memory :

import atexit
from multiprocessing import shared_memory

_ensure_single_process_store = {}


def ensure_single_process(name: str):
    if name in _ensure_single_process_store:
        return
    try:
        shm = shared_memory.SharedMemory(name='ensure_single_process__' + name,
                                         create=True,
                                         size=1)
    except FileExistsError:
        print(f"{name} is already running!")
        raise
    _ensure_single_process_store[name] = shm
    atexit.register(shm.unlink)

通常你不必使用 atexit ,但有时它有助于在异常退出时进行清理。

与其开发自己的PID文件解决方案(它比你想象的有更多的微妙之处和极端情况),不如看看 supervisord --这是一个过程控制系统,可以很容易地将作业控制和守护进程行为包裹在现有的Python脚本周围。

其他答案对于像cron作业这样的事情来说很好,但如果你正在运行一个守护进程,你应该用类似的东西来监视它 daemontools .

ps ax | grep processName

pydevd.py --multiproc --client 127.0.0.1 --port 33882 --file processName

#/usr/bin/env python
import os, sys, atexit

try:
    # Set PID file
    def set_pid_file():
        pid = str(os.getpid())
        f = open('myCode.pid', 'w')
        f.write(pid)
        f.close()

    def goodby():
        pid = str('myCode.pid')
        os.remove(pid)

    atexit.register(goodby)
    set_pid_file()
    # Place your code here

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    sys.exit(0)

以下是更有用的代码(检查python是否确实执行了脚本):

#! /usr/bin/env python

import os
from sys import exit


def checkPidRunning(pid):
    global script_name
    if pid<1:
        print "Incorrect pid number!"
        exit()
    try:
        os.kill(pid, 0)
    except OSError:
        print "Abnormal termination of previous process."
        return False
    else:
        ps_command = "ps -o command= %s | grep -Eq 'python .*/%s'" % (pid,script_name)
        process_exist = os.system(ps_command)
        if process_exist == 0:
            return True
        else:
            print "Process with pid %s is not a Python process. Continue..." % pid
            return False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    script_name = os.path.basename(__file__)
    pid = str(os.getpid())
    pidfile = os.path.join("/", "tmp/", script_name+".pid")
    if os.path.isfile(pidfile):
        print "Warning! Pid file %s existing. Checking for process..." % pidfile
        r_pid = int(file(pidfile,'r').readlines()[0])
        if checkPidRunning(r_pid):
            print "Python process with pid = %s is already running. Exit!" % r_pid
            exit()
        else:
            file(pidfile, 'w').write(pid)
    else:
        file(pidfile, 'w').write(pid)

# main programm
....
....

os.unlink(pidfile)

这是字符串:

ps_command = "ps -o command= %s | grep -Eq 'python .*/%s'" % (pid,script_name)

如果“grep”成功,并且进程“python”当前正在以脚本名称作为参数运行,则返回0。

一个简单的例子,如果你只是在寻找一个进程名称是否存在:

import os

def pname_exists(inp):
    os.system('ps -ef > /tmp/psef')
    lines=open('/tmp/psef', 'r').read().split('\n')
    res=[i for i in lines if inp in i]
    return True if res else False

Result:
In [21]: pname_exists('syslog')
Out[21]: True

In [22]: pname_exists('syslog_')
Out[22]: False

我一直在寻找这个问题的答案,在我看来,我想到了一个非常简单和很好的解决方案(因为在这个问题上不可能存在误报,我想——如果程序不这样做,TXT上的时间戳怎么能更新呢):

-->根据您的需要,在TXT上继续写下某个时间间隔内的当前时间戳(这里每半小时一次是完美的)。

如果检查时TXT上的时间戳相对于当前时间戳已经过时,则程序存在问题,应该重新启动或执行您喜欢的操作。

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: latin-1 -*-

import os, sys, time, signal

def termination_handler (signum,frame):
    global running
    global pidfile
    print 'You have requested to terminate the application...'
    sys.stdout.flush()
    running = 0
    os.unlink(pidfile)

running = 1
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT,termination_handler)

pid = str(os.getpid())
pidfile = '/tmp/'+os.path.basename(__file__).split('.')[0]+'.pid'

if os.path.isfile(pidfile):
    print "%s already exists, exiting" % pidfile
    sys.exit()
else:
    file(pidfile, 'w').write(pid)

# Do some actual work here

while running:
  time.sleep(10)

我建议使用这个脚本,因为它只能执行一次。

使用bash查找具有当前脚本名称的进程。没有额外的文件。

import commands
import os
import time
import sys

def stop_if_already_running():
    script_name = os.path.basename(__file__)
    l = commands.getstatusoutput("ps aux | grep -e '%s' | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'| awk '{print $2}'" % script_name)
    if l[1]:
        sys.exit(0);

要测试,请添加

stop_if_already_running()
print "running normally"
while True:
    time.sleep(3)