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ggplot2:圆形条形图中轴后文本的矩形背景

plot ggplot2 r

isaid-hi · 技术社区 · 7 月前

目标

复制此圆形条形图:

数据

data <- data.frame(
  labels = c("A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H"),
  values = c(88, 61, 56, 77, 83, 63, 42, 60)
) %>%
  mutate(
    bar_color = case_when(
      values < 62 ~ "#ff7d48",
      values < 85 ~ "#76c5d0",
      values >= 85 ~ "#4b7d84",
    )
  )

我的代码

ggplot(data) +
  geom_bar(
    stat = "identity",
    aes(
      x = labels,
      y = values,
      fill = bar_color
    ),
    size = 1,
    color = "gray20",
    width = 1,
    alpha = 0.9
  ) +
  coord_polar() +
  scale_fill_identity() +
  theme(
    panel.grid.major.x = element_line(
      linewidth = .8,
      color = "grey30"
    ),
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(
      linewidth = .8,
      color = alpha("grey70", 0.5)
    ),
    axis.title = element_blank(),
    panel.background = element_blank(),
    axis.line.x.top = element_line(
      color = "grey20"
    ),
    axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
    axis.text.y = element_blank()
  )

基于我的代码的初始结果:

需要帮助:

x轴的顶线需要为 grey30 The axis.line.x.top 似乎没有效果。即使在我删除之后 coord_polar() 只是为了测试,它也没有显示任何灰线。
我希望x轴文本具有矩形背景。我为此尝试了两种方法:

使用 axis.text.x = element_textbox(color = "black",fill = "white") ,它返回错误: Error: The function textbox_grob() is not vectorized.
使用 geom_label(aes(x = labels,y = 100,label = labels) ;无论我如何编辑标签,标签都太居中了 y 争论。例如 y = 150 仍然会使标签过于居中,但会扩大 y axis ;我故意让x轴文本在那里,只是为了比较 geom_label 正如我所料

如何制作 panel.grid.major.x 在上面 panel.grid.major.y 作为回报,现在我只需将第二个的颜色设置为 alpha("grey70", 0.5)

2 回复 | 直到 7 月前

jared_mamrot 7 月前

以下是一种潜在的方法:

library(tidyverse)

data <- data.frame(
  labels = c("A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H"),
  values = c(88, 61, 56, 77, 83, 63, 42, 60)
) %>%
  mutate(
    bar_color = case_when(
      values < 62 ~ "#f2452e",
      values < 85 ~ "#76c5d0",
      values >= 85 ~ "#4b7d84",
    )
  )

ggplot(data, aes(x = labels, y = values)) +
  geom_bar(aes(fill = bar_color),
           stat = "identity", size = 1,
           color = "gray20", width = 1,
           alpha = 0.8) +
  coord_polar(start = -(pi / 8)) +
  scale_fill_identity() +
  theme(
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(
      linewidth = .8,
      color = c("transparent", alpha("grey80", 0.5))
    ),
    axis.title = element_blank(),
    panel.background = element_blank(),
    axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
    axis.text = element_blank(),
  ) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 96.5,
             color = "grey90", size = 3) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 95, 5)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 1.5:8.5, y = 0, yend = 95),
               inherit.aes = FALSE, color = alpha("grey20", 0.5)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 94,
             color = "grey20", size = 1) +
  geom_label(aes(label = labels, y = 96), fill = "white", size = 6)
#> Warning: Using `size` aesthetic for lines was deprecated in ggplot2 3.4.0.
#> â¹ Please use `linewidth` instead.
#> This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
#> Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
#> generated.

^{创建于2024年12月13日

reprex v2.1.0}

Lokesh thakur 7 月前

要解决您的问题:对于极坐标图中的灰色顶线,请使用 geom_hline(yintercept = max(data$values), color = "grey30", size = 0.8) 自从 axis.line.x.top 不适用于 coord_polar() 。要为轴文本添加矩形背景,请使用 element_textbox 从 ggtext 包装带 theme(axis.text.x = element_textbox(color = "black", fill = "white", box.color = "grey30")) 或者,使用 geom_label 手动将标签放置在条形图外。覆盖 panel.grid.major.x 在 panel.grid.major.y ,使用 geom_segment 在顶部手动添加X网格线 aes(x = labels, xend = labels, y = 0, yend = max(data$values)) 。这确保了您的圆形条形图的完全定制。