XML逐行搜索

我的想法是:首先,将您的结构解析为像Nokogiri这样的XML解析器,然后使用XPath搜索提取所有 line 元素。然后,将每个元素拆分为该节点中包含的单词,这样我们就可以匹配仅匹配节点部分的短语。然后,连续排列单词,使用 each_cons(4) (其中 4 是您正在搜索的单词数),以查看所有连续的四个单词集,并在连接时返回它们是否与搜索字符串匹配。以下是我的代码:

xml = Nokogiri::XML.parse(doc)

search = "HIGH DENSITY"

# 1. break down all the lines into words tagged with their nodes
# 2. find matching subsequence
# 3. build up from nodes

nodes = xml.xpath('//line')
words = nodes.map do |n|
  words_in_node = n.text.split(' ').map(&:upcase) # split into words and normalize
  words_in_node.map { |word| { word: word, node: n } }
end
words = words.flatten # at this point we have a single, ordered list like [ {word: "foo", node: ...}, {word: "bar", node: ...} ]

keywords = search.split(' ').map(&:upcase)
result = words.each_cons(keywords.size).find do |sample|
  # Extract just the :word key from each hash, then compare to our search string
  sample_words = sample.map { |w| w[:word] }
  sample_words == keywords
end

if result
  puts "Found in these nodes:"
  puts result.map { |w| w[:node] }.uniq.inspect
  # you can find where each node was located via Nokogiri
else
  puts "No match"
end

产生:

Found in these nodes:
[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x4ea323e name="line" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x4ea294c "\n        (54) METHOD FOR FABRICATING A HIGH\n      ">]>,
 #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x4ea3018 name="line" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x4ea2654 "\n        DENSITY COMPOSITE MIM CAPACITOR\n      ">]>]

如果我明白你想要什么,我会这样做:

require 'nokogiri'

doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<EOT)
<document>
  <page>
    <column>
      <text>
        <par>
          <line linenum="1" columnnum="1">Hello</line>
        </par>
      </text>
    </column>
    <column>
      <text>
        <par>
          <line linenum="1" columnnum="2">World</line>
        </par>
      </text>
    </column>
  </page>
  <page>
    <column>
      <text>
        <par>
          <line linenum="1" columnnum="3">What's</line>
          <line linenum="2" columnnum="3">Up?</line>
        </par>
      </text>
    </column>
  </page>
</document>
EOT

line_text = doc.search('column').map { |column| 
  column.search('line').map{ |line|
    {
      line: line['linenum'],
      column: line['columnnum'],
      text: line.text
    }
  }
}

此时 line_text 包含:

line_text 
# => [[{:line=>"1", :column=>"1", :text=>"Hello"}],
#     [{:line=>"1", :column=>"2", :text=>"World"}],
#     [{:line=>"1", :column=>"3", :text=>"What's"},
#      {:line=>"2", :column=>"3", :text=>"Up?"}]]

这是按分组 <column> 。元数据不是必需的,但如果它存在于XML中则很方便。如果没有,请删除行以捕获这些参数,并只返回文本:

line_text = doc.search('column').map { |column| 
  column.search('line').map{ |line|
    line.text
  }
}

line_text 
# => [["Hello"], ["World"], ["What's", "Up?"]]

行_文本 现在是一个数组数组。外部数组中的每个元素都表示一列,该子数组中的元素是行,因此您可以使用更小的返回数组以及一些额外代码来跟踪这些内容:

line_text.each.with_index(1) do |column, column_num|
  column.each.with_index(1) do |text, line_num|
    puts "column: #{column_num} line: #{line_num} text: #{text}"
  end
end
# >> column: 1 line: 1 text: Hello
# >> column: 2 line: 1 text: World
# >> column: 3 line: 1 text: What's
# >> column: 3 line: 2 text: Up?