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@带有SpringExtension的ContextConfiguration没有检测到显式定义的@Bean

junit unit-testing spring

Ashok Koyi · 技术社区 · 7 年前

我正在使用JUnit5和 SpringExtension . 但是由于这个原因,第一个测试成功了,而第二个测试失败了

package com.acme;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ConfigurationTest.Config.class)
public class ConfigurationTest {
  @Test
  void explicitContextTest() {
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext =
        new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
    assertThat(applicationContext.getBean(Skeleton.class)).isNotNull();
  }

  @Test
  void contextConfigInjectionTest(Skeleton skeleton) {
    assertThat(skeleton).isNotNull();
  }

  @Configuration
  static class Config {
    @Bean
    Skeleton skeleton() {
      return new SkeletonImpl();
    }
  }

  interface Skeleton {
  }

  static class SkeletonImpl implements Skeleton {
  }
}

附言:如果我加上 @ComponentScan Config 级别,第二次测试也成功了。问题是为什么spring测试不能检测显式定义的bean,除非我要求它显式扫描

1 回复 | 直到 7 年前

Ashok Koyi 7 年前

看来我得详细说明一下 @Autowired

我刚试过。这很管用

package com.acme;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ConfigurationTest.Config.class)
public class ConfigurationTest {
  @Test
  void explicitContextTest() {
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext =
        new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
    assertThat(applicationContext.getBean(Skeleton.class)).isNotNull();
  }

  @Test
  void contextConfigInjectionTest(@Autowired Skeleton skeleton) {
    assertThat(skeleton).isNotNull();
  }

  @Configuration
  static class Config {
    @Bean
    Skeleton skeleton() {
      return new SkeletonImpl();
    }
  }

  interface Skeleton {
  }

  static class SkeletonImpl implements Skeleton {
  }
}

根据Spring扩展实现,Spring期望 @自动连线 @Qualifier / @Value 出席。只有这样,spring才能根据 ApplicationContext

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/blob/0ad9349d84a725dc37499bcb0ed2aad0de770c73/spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/junit/jupiter/SpringExtension.java#L156-L163