如何在Python中读取键盘输入

例如,您有一个Python代码,如下所示:

文件1.py

#!/bin/python
... do some stuff...

在文档的某一点,您希望始终检查输入:

while True:
    input = raw_input(">>>")
    ... do something with the input...

这将始终等待输入。您可以将无限循环作为一个单独的进程来执行,同时执行其他任务,这样用户输入就可以对您正在执行的任务产生影响。

如果您只想在按下某个键时请求输入,并将其作为一个循环执行,则使用以下代码(取自 this ActiveState recipe by Steven D'Aprano )您可以等待按键发生,然后请求输入、执行任务并返回到前一状态。

import sys

try:
    import tty, termios
except ImportError:
    # Probably Windows.
    try:
        import msvcrt
    except ImportError:
        # FIXME what to do on other platforms?
        # Just give up here.
        raise ImportError('getch not available')
    else:
        getch = msvcrt.getch
else:
    def getch():
        """getch() -> key character

        Read a single keypress from stdin and return the resulting character. 
        Nothing is echoed to the console. This call will block if a keypress 
        is not already available, but will not wait for Enter to be pressed. 

        If the pressed key was a modifier key, nothing will be detected; if
        it were a special function key, it may return the first character of
        of an escape sequence, leaving additional characters in the buffer.
        """
        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
        old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        try:
            tty.setraw(fd)
            ch = sys.stdin.read(1)
        finally:
            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)
        return ch

那么如何处理这个问题呢?好吧,现在打电话 getch() 每次你想等待按键时。就像这样:

while True:
    getch() # this also returns the key pressed, if you want to store it
    input = raw_input("Enter input")
    do_whatever_with_it

你也可以在这段时间内完成其他任务。

请记住,Python3.x不再使用raw_input,而是简单地使用input()。

在python2.x中,只需使用无限 while 带条件的循环 break :

In [11]: while True:
    ...:     k = raw_input('> ')
    ...:     if k == 'q':
    ...:         break;
    ...:     #do-something


> test

> q

In [12]: