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如何使用JavaScript过滤器过滤元素?

search-form javascript

Millhorn · 技术社区 · 6 年前

我正在努力让这个过滤器正常工作。

我将它设置为根据卡片标题(h5)过滤并仅显示搜索到的内容。它过滤掉了不需要的标题,但没有过滤掉卡的其他部分。

为了更好的解释,这里有一个演示- JS Element Filter

代码如下:

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        a = h5[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            h5[i].style.display = "";
        } else {
            h5[i].style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

4 回复 | 直到 6 年前

Damiaan Dufaux 6 年前

原因

你只是在隐藏标题( h5.card-title )而不是整张卡片( div.card )

解决方案

首先要得到整张卡片的参考。然后隐藏该元素而不仅仅是标题。

实施A

一个快速而肮脏的方法是通过 parentElement 财产。因为你的父母 <h5> 是 card-body 它的父母是你通过它获得的全部卡片 h5[i].parentElement.parentElement .

所以改变 h5[i].style.display 到 h5[i].parentElement.parentElement.style.display 这样地:

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        a = h5[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            h5[i].parentElement.parentElement.style.display = "";
        } else {
            h5[i].parentElement.parentElement.style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

实施B

一个更健壮的解决方案是遍历卡片而不是标题。这样你就可以直接引用卡片,而不必修改parentElements。当您只想搜索文本时,使用 innerText 属性访问卡标题中的文本字符串。

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, cards, cardContainer, h5, title, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    cardContainer = document.getElementById("myItems");
    cards = cardContainer.getElementsByClassName("card");
    for (i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
        title = cards[i].querySelector(".card-body h5.card-title a");
        if (title.innerText.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            cards[i].style.display = "";
        } else {
            cards[i].style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

Juky 6 年前

您必须隐藏整个卡容器,而不是只隐藏标题(h5)。快速修正将使用 parentNode 例如,在标题上

if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
    h5[i].parentNode.style.display = "";
} else {
    h5[i].parentNode.style.display = "none";
}

Jack Wilkinson 6 年前

问题是你只是 display:none 反之亦然 h5 而不是整张卡片本身。

看这里

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        a = h5[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            h5[i].closest(".card").style.display = "";
        } else {
            h5[i].closest(".card").style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

我已经把它改了,这样它就有了它最近的父母 .card 在这里

h5[i].closest(".card")

或者,如果目标浏览器不支持 .closest 你可以用

h5[i].parentNode.parentNode.style.display = "none"

请看我在这里叉出的完整代码笔: https://codepen.io/anon/pen/gjKgjN

Tschallacka 6 年前

你在隐藏标题。你想隐藏的是卡片。

您可以通过执行h5[i].parentNode.parentNode来执行此操作,因为标题嵌套在卡的两层深处。

如果你的客户端浏览器支持它,你可以使用 Closest ancestor matching selector using native DOM?

或者如果您可以使用jQuery搜索 $(h5[i]).closest('.card');

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        var current = h5[i];
        a = current.getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            current.parentNode.parentNode.style.display = "";
        } else {
            current.parentNode.parentNode.style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

但我建议你用 getElementsByClassName 要获取所有的卡,然后遍历它们,根据类名选择h5元素,然后访问 innerText 在h5中,不可见的文本就像一个链接 title="some thing cool here" 不会碍事的。

请参阅下面的片段。

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, myItems, cards, i, current, h5, text;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    myItems = document.getElementById("myItems");
    cards = myItems.getElementsByClassName("card");
    
    for (i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
        current = cards[i];
        h5 = current.getElementsByClassName('card-title')[0];
        text = h5.innerText.toUpperCase();
        if (text.indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            current.style.display = "";
        } else {
            current.style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.容器{
衬垫:10px;
}

乌尔里{
列表样式:无;

}

<link rel=“stylesheet”href=“https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css”integrity=“sha384-gn5384xqqqqaowxa+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm”crossorigin=“anonymous”>
<div class=“container”>
<div class=“row”>
<div class=“col-sm-12 mb-3”>
<input type=“text”id=“myFilter”class=“form control”onkeyup=“myFunction()”placeholder=“搜索名称..”>
</分区>
</分区>
<div class=“row”id=“myItems”>
<div class=“col-sm-12 mb-3”>
<div class=“card”>
<div class=“card body”>
<
<h6 class=“card subtitle mb-2 text muted”>卡字幕<h6>
<p class=“card text”>一些文本。<p>
</分区>
</分区>

<div class=“card”>
<div class=“card body”>
<h5 class=“card title”><a href=“#”>第二张卡</a></h5>
<h6 class=“card subtitle mb-2 text muted”>卡字幕<h6>
<p class=“card text”>一些文本。<p>
</分区>
</分区>

<div class=“card”>
<div class=“card body”>
<
<h6 class=“card subtitle mb-2 text muted”>卡字幕<h6>
<p class=“card text”>一些文本。<p>
</分区>
</分区>
</分区>
</分区>
</分区>