在JavaSE中:NOTNULL属性引用null或瞬时值

我有两个实体类:

@Entity
@Table(name = "STAT_SETS")
public class StatisticSet extends ClientServerSharedObject {
    @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, fetch=FetchType.EAGER, mappedBy="statSet")
    @MapKey(name = "name")
    @MapKeyEnumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    private Map<AbilityName, Ability> abilities = new EnumMap<>(AbilityName.class);

    public StatisticSet(Race race) {
        for (AbilityName abilityName : AbilityName.values()) {
            abilities.put(abilityName, new Ability(abilityName, getModifier()));
        }
    }
}

@Entity
@Table(name = "ABILITIES")
public class Ability extends ClientServerSharedObject {
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "STAT_SET_ID", nullable = false)
    private StatisticSet statSet;
}

我正在努力坚持一个 StatisticSet ,我得到了这个错误:

org.hibernate.PropertyValueException: not-null property references a null or transient value : org.package.Ability.statSet

现在,我正在JavaSE中使用Hibernate和ApacheDerby,以及资源和本地事务。当我在带有JTA的JavaEE容器中使用它时,它工作得很好。Hibernate知道如何从 Ability 当它被添加到 统计集 .

为什么会这样?这与JTA的缺乏有关吗?这个 persist() 发生在 begin() 和 commit() 指实体交易。我可以修复它吗,还是必须在java SE中手动设置双向链接,如下所示:

abilities.put(abilityName, newAbility);
newAbility.setStatSet(this);