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如何添加商标符号

nokogiri ruby

fenec · 技术社区 · 10 年前

我试图在HTML文档中的所有“想象游乐场”实例中添加一个商标符号。然而,我最终得出了这样的结论:

&lt;i class="fa fa-trademark"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;

我使用的符号似乎被转换为HTML字符。我怎么能逃脱呢?

这是我最初的Ruby代码:

body = "<p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground , we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
  <p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>"
new_body = Nokogiri::HTML(body)
new_body.encoding = 'UTF-8'
new_body.css('p','a').each{ |p|
p.content =  p.content.gsub(/Imagination Playground\s/,'Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>');
puts new_body

这就是我得到的:

<p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground&lt;i class="fa fa-trademark"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
<p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>

如何替换HTML段落并转义&符号和特殊字符?

1 回复 | 直到 10 年前

the Tin Man 10 年前

我会这样做:

require 'nokogiri'

doc = Nokogiri::HTML(<<EOT)
<p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground , we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
<p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>
EOT

doc.encoding = 'UTF-8'
doc.css('p').each do |p|
  p.children = p.content.gsub(/Imagination Playground\s/, 'Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>')
end
puts doc

结果是:

# >> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
# >> <html><body>
# >> <p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>, we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
# >> <p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>
# >> </body></html>

Nokogiri很聪明。当它看到 children= ,它会查看是否接收到字符串。如果是,它将解析该字符串并将其转换为节点,然后用新节点替换现有子节点。这与使用 content= Nokogiri知道应该是文本,然后将嵌入的标记编码为 < 文件中对此进行了说明。

对于 children= :

为此节点Node_or_tags设置内部html Node_or_tag可以是Nokogiri::XML::Node、Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment或包含标记的字符串。

对于 content= :

将节点的内容设置为包含字符串的文本节点。字符串得到XML转义,而不是解释为标记。

如果我想保留段落中的html标记,那么这将不起作用,请尝试这样做 <p>fsome test and then <b>bold</b></p>

您正在更改要求。不要那样做。明确您的需求,这样我们就可以回答一次真正的问题。

需要一个小的修改来获取所需标签的内容。使用 children.to_html 获取嵌入节点的HTML字符串 gsub 并使用其结果:

require 'nokogiri'

doc = Nokogiri::HTML('<p>Imagination Playground<b>foo</b></p>')
puts doc.to_html

开始时看起来是这样的:

# >> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
# >> <html><body><p>Imagination Playground<b>foo</b></p></body></html>

修改DOM:

doc.search('p').each do |p|
  p.children = p.children.to_html.gsub(/Imagination Playground\s?/, 'Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>')
end
puts doc

现在看起来像:

# >> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
# >> <html><body><p>Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i><b>foo</b></p></body></html>

注意我正在使用 search 而不是 css 。使用泛型方法,而不是更具体的方法。如果需要,它可以更容易地切换到XPaths。

此外,我在 全球供应链 有条件地获取单个尾随空格(如果可用)。用HTML做这一点并不重要,因为浏览器会吞掉空白,但如果您处理的是常规文本文档或预格式化文本,那么这是正确的方法。

关于Nokogiri所看到的更多细节:

doc.search('p').first 
# => #(Element:0x3fd222462204 {
#      name = "p",
#      children = [
#        #(Text "Imagination Playground"),
#        #(Element:0x3fd2224608f0 { name = "b", children = [ #(Text "foo")] })]
#      })
doc.search('p').first.children 
# => [#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fd222461688 "Imagination Playground">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fd2224608f0 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fd22245fe64 "foo">]>]