如何搜索大型数据结构并返回一系列给出特定值的键/数组?

#! /usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use feature qw{ say };

sub walk { _walk(@_, []) }

sub _walk {
    my ($value, $s, $path) = (@_);
    my @r;
    if (ref $s) {
        if (ref [] eq ref $s) {
            for my $i (0 .. $#$s) {
                my $p = walk($value, $s->[$i], [@$path, $i]);
                push @r, @$p if $p;
            }
        } elsif (ref {} eq ref $s) {
            for my $k (keys %$s) {
                my $p = walk($value, $s->{$k}, [@$path, $k]);
                push @r, @$p if $p;
            }
        }
        return \@r

    } else {
        return [$path] if $s == $value;
    }
}

my %d = (a => {b => [0, 1, 2]},
         c => [0, 1, [{d => 2, e => 3}]]);

my $paths = walk(2, \%d, []);
say "@$_" for @$paths;