通过unittest发现传递参数(用于argparse)

这不会使用unittest-discover传递参数,但它实现了您想要做的事情。

这是 leveltest.py 。将其放在模块搜索路径中的某个位置(可能是当前目录或站点包):

import argparse
import sys
import unittest

# this part copied from unittest.__main__.py
if sys.argv[0].endswith("__main__.py"):
    import os.path
    # We change sys.argv[0] to make help message more useful
    # use executable without path, unquoted
    # (it's just a hint anyway)
    # (if you have spaces in your executable you get what you deserve!)
    executable = os.path.basename(sys.executable)
    sys.argv[0] = executable + " -m leveltest"
    del os

def _id(obj):
    return obj

# decorator that assigns test levels to test cases (classes and methods)
def level(testlevel):
    if unittest.level < testlevel:
        return unittest.skip("test level too low.")
    return _id

def parse_args():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('--level', type=int, default=3)
    ns, args = parser.parse_known_args(namespace=unittest)
    return ns, sys.argv[:1] + args

if __name__ == "__main__":
    ns, remaining_args = parse_args()

    # this invokes unittest when leveltest invoked with -m flag like:
    #    python -m leveltest --level=2 discover --verbose
    unittest.main(module=None, argv=remaining_args)

下面是您如何在示例测试项目中使用它。py文件:

import unittest
import leveltest

# This is needed before any uses of the @leveltest.level() decorator
#   to parse the "--level" command argument and set the test level when 
#   this test file is run directly with -m
if __name__ == "__main__":
    ns, remaining_args = leveltest.parse_args()

@leveltest.level(2)
class TestStringMethods(unittest.TestCase):

    @leveltest.level(5)
    def test_upper(self):
        self.assertEqual('foo'.upper(), 'FOO')

    @leveltest.level(3)
    def test_isupper(self):
        self.assertTrue('FOO'.isupper())
        self.assertFalse('Foo'.isupper())

    @leveltest.level(4)
    def test_split(self):
        s = 'hello world'
        self.assertEqual(s.split(), ['hello', 'world'])
        # check that s.split fails when the separator is not a string
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            s.split(2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # this invokes unittest when this file is executed with -m
    unittest.main(argv=remaining_args)

然后,您可以通过运行testproject来运行测试。直接py,如:

~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 2 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.000s

OK (skipped=3)

~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 3 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s

OK (skipped=2)

~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 4 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s

OK (skipped=1)

~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 5 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s

OK

通过使用这样的单元测试发现:

~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest --level 2 -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.003s

OK (skipped=3)

~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest --level 3 discover -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s

OK (skipped=2)

~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest --level 4 -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s

OK (skipped=1)

~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest discover --level 5 -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s

OK

或者通过指定要运行的测试用例,如:

~roottwo\projects>python -m leveltest --level 3 testproject -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.002s

OK (skipped=2)

您的问题是,unittest参数解析器根本不理解这种语法。因此,您必须在调用unittest之前删除参数。

这样做的一个简单方法是创建一个包装模块(比如my_unittest.py),它查找额外的参数,并从sys中删除它们。argv,然后调用unittest中的主条目。

好吧…包装器的代码基本上与您已经在单个文件案例中使用的代码相同!你只需要把它放到一个单独的文件中。

编辑 :根据要求在下面添加了示例代码。。。

首先,运行UT的新文件(my_unittest.py):

import sys
import unittest
from parser import wrapper

if __name__ == '__main__':
    wrapper.parse_args()
    unittest.main(module=None, argv=sys.argv)

现在是解析器。py,它必须在一个单独的文件中,以避免出现在 __main__ 用于工作的全局引用的模块:

import sys
import argparse
import unittest

class UnitTestParser(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.args = None

    def parse_args(self):
        # Parse optional extra arguments
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
        parser.add_argument('--level', type=int, default=0)
        ns, args = parser.parse_known_args()
        self.args = vars(ns)

        # Now set the sys.argv to the unittest_args (leaving sys.argv[0] alone)
        sys.argv[1:] = args

wrapper = UnitTestParser()

最后是一个示例测试用例(project_test.py),用于测试参数是否正确解析:

import unittest
from parser import wrapper

class TestMyProject(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_len(self):
        self.assertEqual(len(wrapper.args), 1)

    def test_level3(self):
        self.assertEqual(wrapper.args['level'], 3)

现在证明:

$ python -m my_unittest discover --level 3 . '*test.py'
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s

OK

使用discover时无法传递参数。 DiscoveringTestLoader 类,删除所有不匹配的文件(使用“*test.py--level=3”消除),并只将文件名传递到 unittest.TextTestRunner

可能目前唯一的选择是使用环境变量

LEVEL=3 python -m unittest discoverfoo '*test.py'