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如何删除堆叠几何图形列之间的空白

ggplot2 r

jakes · 技术社区 · 7 年前

library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)

date <- seq(ymd('2018-08-01'), ymd('2018-08-31'), by = '1 day')
c <- 21.30
x1 <- runif(length(date), 0, 20)
x2 <- rnorm(length(date), 10, 3)
x3 <- abs(rnorm(length(date), 40, 10))
data <- data.frame(c, x1, x2, x3) %>% 
  t() %>% as.data.frame() %>% rownames_to_column('var')
data <- data %>%
  mutate(category1 = c('catA', 'catB', 'catB', 'catC') %>% as.factor(),
         category2 = c('catAA', 'catBA', 'catBB', 'catCA') %>% as.factor())
names(data) <- c('var', as.character(date), 'category1', 'category2')
data_long <- data %>% 
  gather(date, value, -var, -category1, -category2) %>% 
  mutate(date = ymd(date))

data_long %>%
  ggplot(aes(date, value, fill = category1)) +
  geom_col(position = 'stack') +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 week', date_labels = '%Y-%m-%d', expand = c(.01, .01)) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = .4)) +
  labs(fill = '')

通过上面的示例数据和代码,我生成以下绘图:

我需要做的是删除列之间的空白。我发现了一些类似的话题,但他们建议使用 position_dodge() position = 'stack' ,无法替换。那我怎样才能使这两列相邻呢?

编辑

设置 width = 1

data_long %>%
  mutate(date = floor_date(date, unit = 'week', week_start = 1)) %>% 
  group_by(category1, date) %>% 
  summarise(value = sum(value, na.rm = TRUE)) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  ggplot(aes(date, value, fill = category1, width = 1)) +
  geom_col(position = 'stack') +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 month', date_labels = '%Y-%m', expand = c(.01, .01)) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = .4)) +
  labs(fill = '')

编辑2。

正如@Camille所指出的,如果是日期刻度,1的宽度可能是指1天。但是,以下操作不会产生预期的输出并返回警告消息: position_stack requires non-overlapping x intervals

 data_long %>%
    mutate(date = floor_date(date, unit = 'month', week_start = 1)) %>% 
    group_by(category1, date) %>% 
    summarise(value = sum(value, na.rm = TRUE),
              n = n()) %>% 
    ungroup() %>% 
    ggplot(aes(date, value, fill = category1, width = n)) +
    geom_col(position = 'stack') +
    scale_x_date(breaks = '1 month', date_labels = '%Y-%m', expand = c(.01, .01)) +
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = .4)) +
    labs(fill = '')

2 回复 | 直到 7 年前

camille 7 年前

的文档 geom_col 比我在上面的评论更具体。宽度参数的更详细含义:

钢筋宽度。默认情况下,设置为数据分辨率的90%。

有

我降低α值只是为了看看条是否重叠。

因此,在不设置宽度的情况下,默认值为观测之间距离的90%,即一周的90%。

library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)
...

summarized <- data_long %>%
  mutate(date = floor_date(date, unit = 'week', week_start = 1)) %>% 
  group_by(category1, date) %>% 
  summarise(value = sum(value, na.rm = TRUE)) %>% 
  ungroup()

ggplot(summarized, aes(date, value, fill = category1)) +
  geom_col(alpha = 0.6) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 week', expand = c(.01, .01))

将width设置为1表示宽度为1天。我觉得这里有一个差异,其他人可能可以解释,为什么这是读为1天,而不是100%的决议。

ggplot(summarized, aes(date, value, fill = category1)) +
  geom_col(alpha = 0.6, width = 1) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 week', expand = c(.01, .01))

ggplot(summarized, aes(date, value, fill = category1)) +
  geom_col(alpha = 0.6, width = 7) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 week', expand = c(.01, .01))

编辑: link in my comment ,最好的方法可能只是将日期转换为字符串,这样您就可以像正常情况一样在离散的x刻度上绘图。在你打电话之前 as.character ,你可以做任何你想做的格式化。

summarized %>%
  mutate(date = as.character(date)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = date, y = value, fill = category1)) +
    geom_col(width = 1)

Jon Spring 7 年前

(顺便说一句,包括 set.seed() set.seed(42) 为了这些。)

geom_rect 或 geom_tile 而不是 geom_col . 然后,你可以使每个酒吧完全一样多天/周/月你想要的宽度。但这需要更多的准备工作。

padr::pad 或者其他一些东西来自动直觉地知道增量应该是多少。)

data_long2 <- data_long %>%
  group_by(date) %>%
  arrange(desc(category2)) %>%
  mutate(top = cumsum(value),
         bottom = top - value) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  group_by(category2) %>%
  mutate(next_date = lead(date, default = max(date) + 1)) %>%
  ungroup()

或 地砖 去拿你的图表。它们是可以互换的,但它们使用不同的坐标系,分别基于角点或中心。

下面是一个使用

ggplot(data_long2) +
  geom_rect(aes(xmin = date, xmax = next_date,
                ymin = bottom, ymax = top,
                fill = category1)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 week', date_labels = '%Y-%m-%d', expand = c(.01, .01)) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = .4)) +
  labs(fill = '', y = "")

或者你可以用 地砖 ,在这个例子中,我在每个小节的中间对齐日期。

ggplot(data_long2) +
  geom_tile(aes(x = date, width = as.numeric(next_date - date),
                y = (top + bottom)/2, height = (top - bottom),
                fill = category1)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = '1 week', date_labels = '%Y-%m-%d', expand = c(.01, .01)) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = .4)) +
  labs(fill = '')