是否有传播错误和警告详细信息的模式?

是否有传播错误和警告详细信息的通用模式?通过 错误 我的意思是严重的问题会导致代码流停止。通过 警告 我指的是值得通知用户问题的问题,但是这些问题太小,无法阻止程序流。

我目前使用异常来处理硬错误,并使用python日志框架来记录警告。但现在我想在当前正在处理的记录的数据库字段中记录警告。我想,我希望警告以与异常相同的方式冒泡,但不停止程序流。

>>> import logging
>>>
>>> def process_item(item):
...     if item:
...         if item == 'broken':
...             logging.warning('soft error, continue with next item')

...     else:
...         raise Exception('hard error, cannot continue')
...
>>> process_item('good')
>>> process_item(None)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<stdin>", line 6, in process_item
Exception: hard error, cannot continue
>>> process_item('broken')
WARNING:root:soft error, continue with next item

这个例子(以及我当前的问题)是在Python中,但是它也应该应用于其他语言,但也有例外。

跟随 David 的建议和下面的示例的简短播放,python的 warnings 模块是前进的道路。

import warnings

class MyWarning(Warning):
    pass

def causes_warnings():
    print 'enter causes_warnings'
    warnings.warn("my warning", MyWarning)
    print 'leave causes_warnings'

def do_stuff():
    print 'enter do_stuff'
    causes_warnings()
    causes_warnings()
    causes_warnings()
    print 'leave do_stuff'

with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
    # Cause all warnings to always be triggered.
    warnings.simplefilter("always")
    # Trigger a number of warnings.
    do_stuff()
    # Do something (not very) useful with the warnings generated
    print 'Warnings:',','.join([str(warning.message) for warning in w])

输出:

enter do_stuff
enter causes_warnings
leave causes_warnings
enter causes_warnings
leave causes_warnings
enter causes_warnings
leave causes_warnings
leave do_stuff
Warnings: my warning,my warning,my warning

注:python 2.6+是 catch_warnings .