将对象分配给在同步块外部定义的字段-它是线程安全的吗?

这个java代码的线程安全性有什么问题吗?线程1-10通过示例.添加(),线程11-20调用removeAndDouble()并将结果打印到stdout。我记得有人说过,在synchronized块之外使用removeAndDouble()中的方法来分配项可能不是线程安全的。编译器可能会优化这些指令,使它们不按顺序出现。是这样吗?我的removeAndDouble()方法不安全吗?

import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class Sample {

    private final List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();

    public void add(Integer o) {
        synchronized (list) {
            list.add(o);
            list.notify();
        }
    }

    public void waitUntilEmpty() {
        synchronized (list) {
            while (!list.isEmpty()) {
                try { 
                    list.wait(10000);  
                 } catch (InterruptedException ex) { }
            }
        }
    }

    public void waitUntilNotEmpty() {
        synchronized (list) {
            while (list.isEmpty()) {
                try { 
                    list.wait(10000);  
                 } catch (InterruptedException ex) { }
            }
        }
    }

    public Integer removeAndDouble() {
        // item declared outside synchronized block
        Integer item; 
        synchronized (list) { 
            waitUntilNotEmpty();
            item = list.remove(0);
        }
        // Would this ever be anything but that from list.remove(0)?
        return Integer.valueOf(item.intValue() * 2);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Sample sample = new Sample();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Thread t = new Thread() {
                public void run() {
                    while (true) {
                        System.out.println(getName()+" Found: " + sample.removeAndDouble());
                    }
                }
            };
            t.setName("Consumer-"+i);
            t.setDaemon(true);
            t.start();
        }

        final ExecutorService producers = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final int j = i * 10000;
            Thread t = new Thread() {
                public void run() {
                    for (int c = 0; c < 1000; c++) {
                        sample.add(j + c);
                    }
                }
            };
            t.setName("Producer-"+i);
            t.setDaemon(false);
            producers.execute(t);
        }

        producers.shutdown();
        try {
            producers.awaitTermination(600, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        sample.waitUntilEmpty();        
        System.out.println("Done.");
    }
}