配置解析器Python-如何读取json文件?

从你对原始问题的评论中,有一些很好的建议。如果你想从另一个文件中提取可配置数据,你可以通过查看原始问题来做两个选择。

1.使用json文件

看起来这是第一个建议的答案,您可以从这个JSON文件中配置可以在程序中使用的变量。假设配置。json文件位于程序的当前目录中,您可以执行以下操作:

import json

with open('config.json', 'r') as config_file:
    config_data = json.load(config_file)

这是另一个选项,以防在加载配置时不想反序列化json。您可以将所有内容保留为python数据类型,因此只需导入即可。在本例中,CONFIG_INFO只是一个字典,您可以将其导入到需要它的其他脚本中。在工作中,我通常将其用于用户名/密码/常规配置。

配置。py公司

CONFIG_INFO: {
    "given_name": "test name",
    "given_lastname": "test lastname",
    "given_age": 12,
    "given_city": "Seattle"
}

from config import CONFIG_INFO

print("Config City: {0}".format(CONFIG_INFO["given_city"]))
print("Config Name: {0}".format(CONFIG_INFO["given_name"]))
print("Config Lastname: {0}".format(CONFIG_INFO["given_lastname"]))
print("Config Age: {0}".format(CONFIG_INFO["given_age"]))

问题是,您试图将字典键作为属性访问(即: config["given_name"] config.given_name . 你也多次改变你的问题,但你想做的(我认为)很简单。对于您给出的一个简单示例,其中您有一个json文件,其中只有一个json对象,这可能更接近您想要做的事情:

{ "info": { ... } }

#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''profile.json:
{
    "name": "steve",
    "lastname": "jobs",
    "age": "70",
    "city": "heaven"
}
'''
import json
import io


# Open the JSON File and create a StringIO buffer to hold data
with open('profile.json', 'r') as datafile, io.StringIO() as data:
    # Load data into json file
    config = json.load(datafile)
    # Build json strong
    data.write(f'''{{
            \r\t"info": {{
            \r\t\t"given_name": "{config['name']}",
            \r\t\t"given_Lastname": "{config['lastname']}",
            \r\t\t"given_age": "{config['age']}",
            \r\t\t"given_city": "{config['city']}"
            \r\t}}\n}}''')
    print(data.getvalue())
    # open a new file to save the data (overwrite if it exists)
    with open('newfile.json', 'w') as outfile:
        # load the json string and dump to outfile
        deserialized = json.loads(data.getvalue())
        json.dump(deserialized, outfile)
        # newfile.json:
        #{
        #        "info": {
        #                "given_name": "steve",
        #                "given_Lastname": "jobs",
        #                "given_age": "70",
        #                "given_city": "heaven"
        #        }
        #}

这只是一个关于您给我的数据的小例子,所以我制作了另一个使用json列表而不是json dict的示例:

[{
    "name": "steve",
    "lastname": "jobs",
    "age": "70",
    "city": "heaven"
},
{
    "name": "steve1",
    "lastname": "jobs1",
    "age": "71",
    "city": "heaven1"
},
{
    "name": "steve2",
    "lastname": "jobs2",
    "age": "72",
    "city": "heaven2"
},
{
    "name": "steve3",
    "lastname": "jobs3",
    "age": "73",
    "city": "heaven3"
},
{
    "name": "steve4",
    "lastname": "jobs4",
    "age": "74",
    "city": "heaven4"
}]

还有一个类似的脚本:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''profile.json:
'''
import json
import io


# Open the JSON File and create a StringIO buffer to hold data
# Note: StringIO provides a file-like interface over a string
with open('profile.json', 'r') as datafile, io.StringIO() as data:
    # Load data into json file
    config = json.load(datafile)
    # Build json strong
    data.write('{\n\t"info": [\n')
    #data.write('\t{')
    for jsonobj in config:
        data.write(f'''\t    {{
                \r\t\t"given_name": "{jsonobj['name']}",
                \r\t\t"given_Lastname": "{jsonobj['lastname']}",
                \r\t\t"given_age": "{jsonobj['age']}",
                \r\t\t"given_city": "{jsonobj['city']}"
                \r\t    }}''')

        # Note: There is a bug here.
        # This will not be able to handle duplicate objects in
        # the json list. For a trivial example like this, it works.
        if jsonobj == config[-1]:
            data.write('\n\t]\n}')
        else:
            data.write(',\n')
    # open a new file to save the data (overwrite if it exists)
    with open('newfile.json', 'w') as outfile:
        # We need to serialize the json data if we want to write to file
        deserialized = json.loads(data.getvalue())
        outfile.write(json.dumps(serialized))
        # or we can just print it
        print(serialized)