要进行联网,我建议您使用改装2:
Retrofit
无论如何,要在另一个线程中执行网络操作,您需要从活动中启动一个新的异步任务并在其中执行网络操作。
在改造中,所有这些都要简单得多!
(抱歉,我没有下面的Kotlin示例!)
(这是我的老项目,所以不太好^^)
/* Really Simple Class I made to do networking operations (so use Retrofit or make a better one (: (I suggest you, again, to use Retrofit!) */
public class DBConnection {
public String performPostCall(String requestURL, HashMap<String, String> postDataParams )
{
URL url;
String response = "";
try {
url = new URL(requestURL);
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(15000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});
conn.setSSLSocketFactory((SSLSocketFactory) SSLSocketFactory.getDefault());
conn.connect();
DataOutputStream dStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
dStream.writeBytes(getPostDataString(postDataParams));
dStream.flush();
dStream.close();
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
String line;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
while ((line=br.readLine()) != null) {
response += line;
}
} else {
response = "";
}
conn.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
private String getPostDataString(HashMap<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
boolean first = true;
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
if (first) {
first = false;
} else {
result.append("&");
}
result.append(entry.getKey());
result.append("=");
result.append(entry.getValue());
}
return result.toString();
}
}
// AsyncTask to do Async Networking operations:
public class YourTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
private String yourData...;
public YourTask(String token){
// Set Your Data
}
// "String..." is an array of arguments so you get the arguments usign: params[i]
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params)
{
DBConnection dbConn = new DBConnection();
String stampAnswer;
try{
Integer param1 = Integer.parseInt(params[0]);
Integer param2 = Integer.parseInt(params[1]);
answer = dbConn.netwokirngOperation([..]);
}catch(NumberFormatException nfe){
nfe.getStackTrace();
stampAnswer = "";
Log.e("YourTask", " NumberFormatException:");
}
return answer;
}
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
Log.e("YourTask => ", " Result:" + result);
}
}
// To call the task do in your activity and do async networking operation without wait for result (this mean you need to save the data inside Realm DB [REALM][2] or using SQLite DB and then get them when the networking operations ended (you can use an Observable and set it when the networking operation end, send a broadcast message and set a receiver in you activity, or any other method):
new YourTask(<put_here_your_asynctask_constructor_args>).execute(params);
// To call the task and do async networking operation but wait to get the result returned by the "doInBackground" method of the AsyncTask:
new YourTask(<put_here_your_asynctask_constructor_args>).execute(params).get();
/** in You Activity. Because in the Interface you use generic types (the 'T') you can specific the type of object returned by the interface inside the '<T>' if the interface WILL ALWAYS RETURN THE SAME OBJECT TYPE!
If it WILL RETURN DIFFERENT OBJECT TYPES you MUST don't specific the type inside the '<T>', but you have to cast the return inside a switch statement to know which object is returned (to do that you can add a 'int requestCase' to the interface so you know which case returned!) **/
public class YourActivity extends AppCompatActivity
implements IYourCallback<YourObjectTypesReturned>{
public interface IYourCallback<T>{
onNetOperationSuccess(List<T> answer)
onNetOperationError(Throwable t)
}
/** IMPLEMENTS HERE YOUR ACTIVITY BODY WITH THE INTERFACE METHODS ! **/
// Then call your AsyncTask where you want and pass it your context which implements the interface ( because you are in activity your context with the interface is "this"!
new YourTask(this).execute(params);
// Then inside your AsyncTask:
public class YourTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
private IYourCallback mCallback;
public YourTask(Context context){
try{
mCallback = (IYourCallback) mCallback;
} catch(ClassCastException e){
onException(e); // Manage the exception and stop the operation
}
}
/** THEN IMPLEMENT YOU IN BACKGROUND... AND WHEN THE NETWORKING OPERATION IS FINISHED USE THE CALLBACK TO RETURN BACK YOUR RESULT, SO THE METHOD IN YOUR ACTIVITY WILL GET TRIGGERED AND YOU CAN CONTINUE TO DO YOUR OPERATIONS! So do: **/
if(success)
mCallback.onNetOperationSuccess(myListAnswer)
else
mCallback.onNetOperationError(error) // Throwable or exception
(科特林为实施改造!我5天前就开始使用Kotlin了,所以我不知道这是不是最好的用法(:)
/* This is a RetrofitHelper which init the Retrofit instance and where you should put your networking methods. Then to do a networking operation you have to get this instance using (RetrofitHelper.getInstance().yourNetworkingOperation(...) ).
Anyway here there isn't the asynchronous part, you can get it in the link of my other comment below!
我还没有完成这门课!*/
类更新帮助程序(baseUrl:String){
private val TAG = this.javaClass.name
// Timeouts
private val CONNECT_TIMEOUT = "CONNECT_TIMEOUT"
private val READ_TIMEOUT = "READ_TIMEOUT"
private val WRITE_TIMEOUT = "WRITE_TIMEOUT"
// Header Names
private val BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME = "BLEDataBinder"
private val REQ_HEADER_NAME = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.Request"
private val REQ_HEADER_VERSION_NAME = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.VersionName"
private val REQ_HEADER_VERSION_CODE = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.VersionCode"
private val REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_IMEI = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.DeviceIMEI"
private val REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ID = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.DeviceUniqueID"
private val REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_MODEL = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.DeviceModel"
private val REQ_HEADER_ANDROID_RELEASE = "$BASE_REQ_HEADER_NAME.AndroidRelease"
// Header Values
private val REQ_HEADER_VALUE = "emax"
// Labels
private val LABEL_INIT = "Init RetrofitHelper"
private var mBaseUrl: String
private var mGson: Gson
private var mRetrofit: Retrofit
companion object {
@Volatile private var mInstance: RetrofitHelper? = null
fun getInstance() = mInstance
fun initInstance(baseUrl: String): RetrofitHelper =
mInstance ?: synchronized(this){
mInstance ?: newInstance(baseUrl).also { mInstance = it }
}
private fun newInstance(baseUrl: String) = RetrofitHelper(baseUrl)
}
init {
LogUtils.iLog(TAG, "START $LABEL_INIT")
val httpClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
httpClient.addInterceptor( getInterceptor() )
httpClient.addInterceptor( getLoggingInterceptor() )
this.mBaseUrl = baseUrl
mGson = getGson()
mRetrofit = getRetrofit(httpClient.build())
LogUtils.iLog(TAG, "END $LABEL_INIT")
}
/* START Private Methods */
private fun getRetrofit(httpClient: OkHttpClient): Retrofit{
return Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(mBaseUrl)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(mGson))
.client(httpClient)
.build()
}
private fun getGson(): Gson{
return GsonBuilder()
.setDateFormat(Constants.DATETIME_FORMAT_DB)
.registerTypeAdapter(Boolean::class.javaObjectType, BooleanDeserializer())
.create()
}
private fun getLoggingInterceptor() =
HttpLoggingInterceptor {
getLoggingInterceptorLogger()
}.also { it.level = HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY }
private fun getLoggingInterceptorLogger() =
HttpLoggingInterceptor.Logger {
message -> HyperLog.v(TAG, message)
}
private fun getInterceptor(): Interceptor =
Interceptor {
buildInterceptorResponse(it)
}
private fun buildInterceptorResponse(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
val builder: Request.Builder = chain.request().newBuilder().addHeader(REQ_HEADER_NAME, REQ_HEADER_VALUE)
setRequestHeaderVersionName(builder)
setRequestHeaderVersionCode(builder)
setRequestHeaderDeviceIMEI(builder)
setRequestHeaderDeviceUniqueID(builder)
setRequestHeaderDeviceModel(builder)
setRequestHeaderAndroidRelease(builder)
/* This part let you set custom timeout for different api call inside the "RetrofitAPI" interface using that labels: (example inside the RetrofitAPI interface)
public interface RetrofitAPI {
@Headers({RetrofitHelper.CONNECT_TIMEOUT + ":100000", RetrofitHelper.READ_TIMEOUT + ":100000"})
@FormUrlEncoded
@POST
Call<JsonObject> doBaseJsonRequest(@Url String url, @Field("params") String params);
}
*/
var connectTimeout = chain.connectTimeoutMillis()
var readTimeout = chain.readTimeoutMillis()
var writeTimeout = chain.writeTimeoutMillis()
val request = chain.request()
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(request.header(CONNECT_TIMEOUT))){
connectTimeout = request.header(CONNECT_TIMEOUT)!!.toInt()
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(request.header(READ_TIMEOUT))){
readTimeout = request.header(READ_TIMEOUT)!!.toInt()
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(request.header(WRITE_TIMEOUT))){
writeTimeout = request.header(WRITE_TIMEOUT)!!.toInt()
}
builder.removeHeader(CONNECT_TIMEOUT)
builder.removeHeader(READ_TIMEOUT)
builder.removeHeader(WRITE_TIMEOUT)
return chain
.withConnectTimeout(connectTimeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.withReadTimeout(readTimeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.withWriteTimeout(writeTimeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.proceed(builder.build())
}
/*private fun setRequestHeaders(builder: Request.Builder): Request.Builder{
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_VERSION_NAME, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionCode.toString())){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_VERSION_CODE, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mDeviceIMEI)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_IMEI, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mDeviceUniqueID)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ID, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mDeviceModel)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_MODEL, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mAndroidRelease)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_ANDROID_RELEASE, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
return builder
}*/
private fun setRequestHeaderVersionName(builder: Request.Builder){
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_VERSION_NAME, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
}
private fun setRequestHeaderVersionCode(builder: Request.Builder){
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionCode.toString())){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_VERSION_CODE, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
}
private fun setRequestHeaderDeviceIMEI(builder: Request.Builder){
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mDeviceIMEI)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_IMEI, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
}
private fun setRequestHeaderDeviceUniqueID(builder: Request.Builder){
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mDeviceUniqueID)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ID, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
}
private fun setRequestHeaderDeviceModel(builder: Request.Builder){
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mDeviceModel)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_DEVICE_MODEL, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
}
private fun setRequestHeaderAndroidRelease(builder: Request.Builder){
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mAndroidRelease)){
builder.addHeader(REQ_HEADER_ANDROID_RELEASE, AppEnvironment.getInstance()!!.mVersionName!!)
}
}
/* END Private Methods */
}
RETROFIT ASYNC WITH GENERIC TYPES
(这是用java编写的,但您可以用Kotlin轻松地翻译它!另外,我建议您也学习Java,因为Kotlin是一种由Java构建的脚本语言,因此它可以在Java操作中翻译代码,这些操作有时比用Java编写的代码大(有时慢)!所以,现在我正在学习Kotlin,在学习了android应用程序的Java之后,Kotlin是一种非常好的、智能的、漂亮的和快速的应用程序编程语言,我将使用它在我的应用程序或简单的应用程序中执行快速和智能的脚本,但我也将使用Java,因为有了它,您可以生成更快的代码。
希望这有帮助,
再见,编码好了!(:
