两个方法可以指向相同的代码吗?

这与您的第一个示例非常相似,但您正在寻找 functools.partial ?

可以使用它自动将一些参数设置到函数中,返回值也是一个函数对象。使用它,您可以执行以下操作:

import functools
class Abc(object):
  def action(self, payload):
    print(payload)
  def __init__(self):
    self.off = functools.partial(self.action, payload=1)
    self.on = functools.partial(self.action, payload=2)

那么,你有你的 action ,则, on 和 off 功能,全部按预期工作:

foo = Abc()
foo.on()
>>> 2
foo.off()
>>> 1
foo.action(9)
>>> 9

使用 partial 是一种语义更强的方式,可以说这是调用另一个函数的语法糖。函数声明,如 def on(self): ... 可能是任何东西 self.on = functools.partial(action,...) 明确声明将一个函数绑定到另一个函数。

def _action_maker(payload):
    def _action(self):
        return self.action(payload)

    return _action

class Action:
    on = _action_maker(1)
    off = _action_maker(2)

    def action(self, payload):
        # a long function which does many things and uses the payload from on() and off()
        print(payload)

但就我个人而言,我不喜欢这样,因为我的编辑不理解它,给了我错误的警告。

尝试 inspect

import inspect
class Action:

    def on(self):
        self.action(1)

    def off(self):
        self.action(2)

    def action(self, payload):
        # a long function which does many things and uses the payload from on() and off()
        currentframe = inspect.currentframe()
        callername = inspect.getouterframes(currentframe, 2)[1][3]
        if callername =='on':
            print('on')
        elif callername == 'off':
            print('off')

a = Action()
a.on() #on
a.off() #off

class Action:

    def on(self):
        self.action(1,'on')

    def off(self):
        self.action(2, 'off')

    def action(self, payload, callername):
        # a long function which does many things and uses the payload from on() and off()
        if callername =='on':
            print('on')
        elif callername == 'off':
            print('off')

a = Action()
a.on() #on
a.off() #off