如果给定的字符串与某些格式不匹配,则引发哪个异常?

提高 ValueError .

>>> int("a")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'a'
>>> import shlex; shlex.split("'")
Traceback (most recent call last):
   ...
ValueError: No closing quotation

把这个和 TypeError ,当类型不正确时引发:

>>> d = {}
>>> d[{}]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict'

class ISBNFormatException(ValueError):
    """Raised when an invalid ISBN format is found"""
    pass

ValueError可能是最合适的选择。根据它的文档,当一个值具有正确的类型但不适当的值时。

http://docs.python.org/library/exceptions.html#exceptions.ValueError