需要帮助,使正则表达式匹配从01到0364的数字?[复制品]

使用正则表达式验证数值范围

要清楚:当一个简单的if语句足够

if(num < -2055  ||  num > 2055)  {
   throw  new IllegalArgumentException("num (" + num + ") must be between -2055 and 2055");
}

不建议使用正则表达式验证数值范围。

此外,由于正则表达式分析字符串,因此在测试数字之前,必须首先将其转换为字符串。一个例外是当数字碰巧已经是一个字符串时,例如从控制台获取用户输入时。

(要确保字符串是以数字开头,可以使用 org.apache.commons.lang3.math. NumberUtils # isNumber(s) )

尽管如此,弄清楚如何用正则表达式验证数字范围还是很有意思和指导意义的。

(此答案中的链接来自 Stack Overflow Regular Expressions FAQ )

一个数字范围

规则: 数字必须准确 15 .

最简单的范围是。与之匹配的正则表达式是

\b15\b

Word boundaries 必须避免与 十五 内部 8215242 .

两位数的范围

规则: 号码必须介于 十五 和 16 . 下面是三个可能的正则表达式:

\b(15|16)\b
\b1(5|6)\b
\b1[5-6]\b

(这些组是“或”ing所必需的,但它们可以是 non-capturing : \b(?:15|16)\b )

数字范围“镜像”在零左右

规则: 号码必须介于 -12 和 12 .

这是一个正则表达式 0 通过 十二 ,仅阳性:

\b(\d|1[0-2])\b

自由间隔:

\b(         //The beginning of a word (or number), followed by either
   \d       //   Any digit 0 through 9
|           //Or
   1[0-2]   //   A 1 followed by any digit between 0 and 2.
)\b         //The end of a word

使这对消极和积极两方面都起作用就像添加一个 optional 开始冲刺:

-?\b(\d|1[0-2])\b

(这假定短划线前没有不适当的字符。)

到 禁止 负数,A negative lookbehind 是必要的:

(?<!-)\b(\d|1[0-2])\b

离开了望台会导致 11 在里面 -11 匹配。(本文中的第一个示例应该添加此内容。)

注: \d 对战 [0-9]

为了兼容所有的regex口味,所有 \d -s should be changed to [0-9] . 例如,.net将非ascii数字(例如不同语言中的数字)视为 D . 除了在最后一个例子中,为了简洁起见,它被保留为 D .

(感谢 @TimPietzcker )

三位数字,除第一位数字外全部等于零

规则: 必须介于 零 和 400 .

可能的正则表达式:

(?<!-)\b([1-3]?\d{1,2}|400)\b

自由间隔:

   (?<!-)          //Something not preceded by a dash
   \b(             //Word-start, followed by either
      [1-3]?       //   No digit, or the digit 1, 2, or 3
         \d{1,2}   //   Followed by one or two digits (between 0 and 9)
   |               //Or
      400          //   The number 400
   )\b             //Word-end

另一种可能 从不使用 :

\b(0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|11|12|13|14|15|16|17|18|19|20|21|22|23|24|25|26|27|28|29|30|31|32|33|34|35|36|37|38|39|40|41|42|43|44|45|46|47|48|49|50|51|52|53|54|55|56|57|58|59|60|61|62|63|64|65|66|67|68|69|70|71|72|73|74|75|76|77|78|79|80|81|82|83|84|85|86|87|88|89|90|91|92|93|94|95|96|97|98|99|100|101|102|103|104|105|106|107|108|109|110|111|112|113|114|115|116|117|118|119|120|121|122|123|124|125|126|127|128|129|130|131|132|133|134|135|136|137|138|139|140|141|142|143|144|145|146|147|148|149|150|151|152|153|154|155|156|157|158|159|160|161|162|163|164|165|166|167|168|169|170|171|172|173|174|175|176|177|178|179|180|181|182|183|184|185|186|187|188|189|190|191|192|193|194|195|196|197|198|199|200|201|202|203|204|205|206|207|208|209|210|211|212|213|214|215|216|217|218|219|220|221|222|223|224|225|226|227|228|229|230|231|232|233|234|235|236|237|238|239|240|241|242|243|244|245|246|247|248|249|250|251|252|253|254|255|256|257|258|259|260|261|262|263|264|265|266|267|268|269|270|271|272|273|274|275|276|277|278|279|280|281|282|283|284|285|286|287|288|289|290|291|292|293|294|295|296|297|298|299|300|301|302|303|304|305|306|307|308|309|310|311|312|313|314|315|316|317|318|319|320|321|322|323|324|325|326|327|328|329|330|331|332|333|334|335|336|337|338|339|340|341|342|343|344|345|346|347|348|349|350|351|352|353|354|355|356|357|358|359|360|361|362|363|364|365|366|367|368|369|370|371|372|373|374|375|376|377|378|379|380|381|382|383|384|385|386|387|388|389|390|391|392|393|394|395|396|397|398|399|400)\b

最后一个例子:四位数字,镜像在0左右,不以0结尾。

规则: 必须介于 -2055 和 2055

这是从一个 question 在StackOverflow上。

Regex:

(-?\b(?:20(?:5[0-5]|[0-4][0-9])|1[0-9]{3}|[1-9][0-9]{0,2}|(?<!-)0+))\b

Debuggex Demo

自由间隔:

(             //Capture group for the entire number
   -?\b             //Optional dash, followed by a word (number) boundary
   (?:20            //Followed by "20", which is followed by one of 
         (?:5[0-5]        //50 through 55
           |                  //or
         [0-4][0-9])      //00 through 49
      |                                         //or
         1[0-9]{3}        //a one followed by any three digits
      |                                         //or
         [1-9][0-9]{0,2}  //1-9 followed by 0 through 2 of any digit
      |                                         //or
         (?<!-)0+         //one-or-more zeros *not* preceded by a dash
   )                 //end "or" non-capture group
)\b            //End number capture group, followed by a word-bound

(感谢 PlasmaPower 和 Casimir et Hippolyte 以获得调试帮助。)

期末笔记

取决于你是什么 capturing ,很可能所有的子组都应该成为非捕获组。例如,这:

(-?\b(?:20(?:5[0-5]|[0-4][0-9])|1?[0-9]{1,3})\b)

而不是这个:

-?\b(20(5[0-5]|[0-4][0-9])|1?[0-9]{1,3})\b

Java实现实例

  import  java.util.Scanner;
  import  java.util.regex.Matcher;
  import  java.util.regex.Pattern;
  import  org.apache.commons.lang.math.NumberUtils;
/**
  <P>Confirm a user-input number is a valid number by reading a string an testing it is numeric before converting it to an it--this loops until a valid number is provided.</P>

  <P>{@code java UserInputNumInRangeWRegex}</P>
 **/
public class UserInputNumInRangeWRegex  {
  public static final void main(String[] ignored)  {

     int num = -1;
     boolean isNum = false;

     int iRangeMax = 2055;

     //"": Dummy string, to reuse matcher
     Matcher mtchrNumNegThrPos = Pattern.compile("(-?\\b(?:20(?:5[0-5]|[0-4][0-9])|1[0-9]{3}|[1-9][0-9]{0,2}|(?<!-)0+))\\b").matcher("");

     do  {
        System.out.print("Enter a number between -" + iRangeMax + " and " + iRangeMax + ": ");
        String strInput = (new Scanner(System.in)).next();
        if(!NumberUtils.isNumber(strInput))  {
           System.out.println("Not a number. Try again.");
        }  else if(!mtchrNumNegThrPos.reset(strInput).matches())  {
           System.out.println("Not in range. Try again.");
        }  else  {
           //Safe to convert
           num = Integer.parseInt(strInput);
           isNum = true;
        }
     }  while(!isNum);

     System.out.println("Number: " + num);
  }

}

产量

[C:\java_code\]java UserInputNumInRangeWRegex
Enter a number between -2055 and 2055: tuhet
Not a number. Try again.
Enter a number between -2055 and 2055: 283837483
Not in range. Try again.
Enter a number between -2055 and 2055: -200000
Not in range. Try again.
Enter a number between -2055 and 2055: -300
Number: -300

StackOverflow问题的原始答案

这是一个符合你方规格的严肃回答。这类似于“等离子电源”的回答。

(?)B?20?:5[0-5][0-4][0-9])1[0-9]{3}[1-9][0-9]{0,2}(?&!-(0 +))

debuggex演示

别用它,但这很管用。:)

\b(-2055|-2054|-2053|-2052|-2051|-2050|-2049|-2048|-2047|-2046|-2045|-2044|-2043|-2042|-2041|-2040|-2039|-2038|-2037|-2036|-2035|-2034|-2033|-2032|-2031|-2030|-2029|-2028|-2027|-2026|-2025|-2024|-2023|-2022|-2021|-2020|-2019|-2018|-2017|-2016|-2015|-2014|-2013|-2012|-2011|-2010|-2009|-2008|-2007|-2006|-2005|-2004|-2003|-2002|-2001|-2000|-1999|-1998|-1997|-1996|-1995|-1994|-1993|-1992|-1991|-1990|-1989|-1988|-1987|-1986|-1985|-1984|-1983|-1982|-1981|-1980|-1979|-1978|-1977|-1976|-1975|-1974|-1973|-1972|-1971|-1970|-1969|-1968|-1967|-1966|-1965|-1964|-1963|-1962|-1961|-1960|-1959|-1958|-1957|-1956|-1955|-1954|-1953|-1952|-1951|-1950|-1949|-1948|-1947|-1946|-1945|-1944|-1943|-1942|-1941|-1940|-1939|-1938|-1937|-1936|-1935|-1934|-1933|-1932|-1931|-1930|-1929|-1928|-1927|-1926|-1925|-1924|-1923|-1922|-1921|-1920|-1919|-1918|-1917|-1916|-1915|-1914|-1913|-1912|-1911|-1910|-1909|-1908|-1907|-1906|-1905|-1904|-1903|-1902|-1901|-1900|-1899|-1898|-1897|-1896|-1895|-1894|-1893|-1892|-1891|-1890|-1889|-1888|-1887|-1886|-1885|-1884|-1883|-1882|-1881|-1880|-1879|-1878|-1877|-1876|-1875|-1874|-1873|-1872|-1871|-1870|-1869|-1868|-1867|-1866|-1865|-1864|-1863|-1862|-1861|-1860|-1859|-1858|-1857|-1856|-1855|-1854|-1853|-1852|-1851|-1850|-1849|-1848|-1847|-1846|-1845|-1844|-1843|-1842|-1841|-1840|-1839|-1838|-1837|-1836|-1835|-1834|-1833|-1832|-1831|-1830|-1829|-1828|-1827|-1826|-1825|-1824|-1823|-1822|-1821|-1820|-1819|-1818|-1817|-1816|-1815|-1814|-1813|-1812|-1811|-1810|-1809|-1808|-1807|-1806|-1805|-1804|-1803|-1802|-1801|-1800|-1799|-1798|-1797|-1796|-1795|-1794|-1793|-1792|-1791|-1790|-1789|-1788|-1787|-1786|-1785|-1784|-1783|-1782|-1781|-1780|-1779|-1778|-1777|-1776|-1775|-1774|-1773|-1772|-1771|-1770|-1769|-1768|-1767|-1766|-1765|-1764|-1763|-1762|-1761|-1760|-1759|-1758|-1757|-1756|-1755|-1754|-1753|-1752|-1751|-1750|-1749|-1748|-1747|-1746|-1745|-1744|-1743|-1742|-1741|-1740|-1739|-1738|-1737|-1736|-1735|-1734|-1733|-1732|-1731|-1730|-1729|-1728|-1727|-1726|-1725|-1724|-1723|-1722|-1721|-1720|-1719|-1718|-1717|-1716|-1715|-1714|-1713|-1712|-1711|-1710|-1709|-1708|-1707|-1706|-1705|-1704|-1703|-1702|-1701|-1700|-1699|-1698|-1697|-1696|-1695|-1694|-1693|-1692|-1691|-1690|-1689|-1688|-1687|-1686|-1685|-1684|-1683|-1682|-1681|-1680|-1679|-1678|-1677|-1676|-1675|-1674|-1673|-1672|-1671|-1670|-1669|-1668|-1667|-1666|-1665|-1664|-1663|-1662|-1661|-1660|-1659|-1658|-1657|-1656|-1655|-1654|-1653|-1652|-1651|-1650|-1649|-1648|-1647|-1646|-1645|-1644|-1643|-1642|-1641|-1640|-1639|-1638|-1637|-1636|-1635|-1634|-1633|-1632|-1631|-1630|-1629|-1628|-1627|-1626|-1625|-1624|-1623|-1622|-1621|-1620|-1619|-1618|-1617|-1616|-1615|-1614|-1613|-1612|-1611|-1610|-1609|-1608|-1607|-1606|-1605|-1604|-1603|-1602|-1601|-1600|-1599|-1598|-1597|-1596|-1595|-1594|-1593|-1592|-1591|-1590|-1589|-1588|-1587|-1586|-1585|-1584|-1583|-1582|-1581|-1580|-1579|-1578|-1577|-1576|-1575|-1574|-1573|-1572|-1571|-1570|-1569|-1568|-1567|-1566|-1565|-1564|-1563|-1562|-1561|-1560|-1559|-1558|-1557|-1556|-1555|-1554|-1553|-1552|-1551|-1550|-1549|-1548|-1547|-1546|-1545|-1544|-1543|-1542|-1541|-1540|-1539|-1538|-1537|-1536|-1535|-1534|-1533|-1532|-1531|-1530|-1529|-1528|-1527|-1526|-1525|-1524|-1523|-1522|-1521|-1520|-1519|-1518|-1517|-1516|-1515|-1514|-1513|-1512|-1511|-1510|-1509|-1508|-1507|-1506|-1505|-1504|-1503|-1502|-1501|-1500|-1499|-1498|-1497|-1496|-1495|-1494|-1493|-1492|-1491|-1490|-1489|-1488|-1487|-1486|-1485|-1484|-1483|-1482|-1481|-1480|-1479|-1478|-1477|-1476|-1475|-1474|-1473|-1472|-1471|-1470|-1469|-1468|-1467|-1466|-1465|-1464|-1463|-1462|-1461|-1460|-1459|-1458|-1457|-1456|-1455|-1454|-1453|-1452|-1451|-1450|-1449|-1448|-1447|-1446|-1445|-1444|-1443|-1442|-1441|-1440|-1439|-1438|-1437|-1436|-1435|-1434|-1433|-1432|-1431|-1430|-1429|-1428|-1427|-1426|-1425|-1424|-1423|-1422|-1421|-1420|-1419|-1418|-1417|-1416|-1415|-1414|-1413|-1412|-1411|-1410|-1409|-1408|-1407|-1406|-1405|-1404|-1403|-1402|-1401|-1400|-1399|-1398|-1397|-1396|-1395|-1394|-1393|-1392|-1391|-1390|-1389|-1388|-1387|-1386|-1385|-1384|-1383|-1382|-1381|-1380|-1379|-1378|-1377|-1376|-1375|-1374|-1373|-1372|-1371|-1370|-1369|-1368|-1367|-1366|-1365|-1364|-1363|-1362|-1361|-1360|-1359|-1358|-1357|-1356|-1355|-1354|-1353|-1352|-1351|-1350|-1349|-1348|-1347|-1346|-1345|-1344|-1343|-1342|-1341|-1340|-1339|-1338|-1337|-1336|-1335|-1334|-1333|-1332|-1331|-1330|-1329|-1328|-1327|-1326|-1325|-1324|-1323|-1322|-1321|-1320|-1319|-1318|-1317|-1316|-1315|-1314|-1313|-1312|-1311|-1310|-1309|-1308|-1307|-1306|-1305|-1304|-1303|-1302|-1301|-1300|-1299|-1298|-1297|-1296|-1295|-1294|-1293|-1292|-1291|-1290|-1289|-1288|-1287|-1286|-1285|-1284|-1283|-1282|-1281|-1280|-1279|-1278|-1277|-1276|-1275|-1274|-1273|-1272|-1271|-1270|-1269|-1268|-1267|-1266|-1265|-1264|-1263|-1262|-1261|-1260|-1259|-1258|-1257|-1256|-1255|-1254|-1253|-1252|-1251|-1250|-1249|-1248|-1247|-1246|-1245|-1244|-1243|-1242|-1241|-1240|-1239|-1238|-1237|-1236|-1235|-1234|-1233|-1232|-1231|-1230|-1229|-1228|-1227|-1226|-1225|-1224|-1223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这么多的答案,但是没有人在评论中读到(或关心)运营方面的问题?

我在用ocaml写一个翻译…如何验证输入 在不使用regex的范围内的数字??Trung Nguyen 3月2日 17:30

正如很多答案正确指出的那样,在这种情况下使用regex是很糟糕的,让我们考虑一下ocaml中的其他方法吧!我使用ocaml已经有一段时间了,但是通过查找一些构造,我可以将其组合在一起:

let isInRange i = 
    not(i < -2055 or i > 2055);;

let isIntAndInRange s = 
    try
    let i = int_of_string s in
    not(i < -2055 or i > 2055)
    with Failure "int_of_string" -> false;;

let () = print_string "type a number: " in
let s = read_line () in
isIntAndInRange s

如果有什么不清楚的地方,请阅读它的语法, type conversion functions 和 exception handling 和 input-output functions .

用户输入部分仅用于演示。使用 read_int 在那里发挥作用。但处理异常的基本概念保持不变。

分析问题

如果您“必须”使用正则表达式,请通过分析接受的置换来分解问题。

“从-2055到2055的范围”可以表示为:

• 可选的-
• 可选前导零
• 后面跟着一个从0到2055的数字

“从0到2055的数”可以是有限个特定置换中的一个:

• 一位数(0-9)
• 两位数(10-99)
• 三位数(100-999)
• 以1开头的四位数字(1000-1999)
• 以20开头的四位数(2000-204*9)
• 以205开头的四位数字(2050-2055*)

请注意,在本正则表达式中,不需要区分范围“0-9”和“1-9”,只有最后两个范围对接受的数字/字符(用星号表示)的范围有任何限制。

编写组件正则表达式

上述每个组成部分都很容易单独表示为正则表达式:

• -?
• 0**
  • [0-9]
  • [0-9] [0-9]
  • [0-9][0-9][0-9]
  • 1[0-9][0-9][0-9]
  • 20 [04-] [0-9]
  • 205〔0—5〕

把这些表达放在一起

整个匹配的相关表达式为:

-?0*([0-9]|[0-9][0-9]|[0-9][0-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9][0-9]|20[0-4][0-9]|205[0-5])

或者稍微简洁一点:

-?0*([0-9]{1,3}|1[0-9]{3}|20[0-4][0-9]|205[0-5])

假设 输入只包含“数字”而不包含其他内容,因此最终的正则表达式是:

^-?0*([0-9]{1,3}|1[0-9]{3}|20[0-4][0-9]|205[0-5])$

如果有必要允许前导加号,这将变为:

^[-+]?0*([0-9]{1,3}|1[0-9]{3}|20[0-4][0-9]|205[0-5])$

Here's a js fiddle 演示上一个regex通过了什么,失败了什么。

为什么只使用regex检查一个数字?

int n = -2000;

if(n >= -2055 && n <= 2055)
//Do something
else
//Do something else

作为对aliteralmind所提供的伟大表达的一种替代方法,这里有一种更长但有趣的方法,以便了解另一种方法可能是什么样的 (还有不该做的事) .

这是一个有趣的练习,因为你可以想到 两种截然不同的方法 :大致上,您可以:

1. 先匹配4个字符的数字,然后匹配3个字符的数字,等等。
2. 或者匹配上千位,然后是上百位,等等。

不努力,你怎么知道哪一个是最好的?事实证明,第一种方法(aliteralmind的答案)要经济得多。

下面,我包括一个 系列试验 在php语言中,以防您或其他人想要检查输出。

下面,我将在“自由间隔模式”中为您提供regex,它允许在regex中添加注释,这样您就可以很容易地理解它的作用。然而,并不是所有的regex引擎都支持自由间隔模式,所以在我们开始讨论有趣的部分之前,这里将regex作为一个一行程序。

注意你的问题提到的数字从-2055到2055。我以为你想匹配“正常数字”,不带前导零。这意味着regex将匹配999而不是0999。如果你想要前导零,让我知道,这是一个非常简单的调整。

另外,如果在utf-8模式下匹配,则 \d 应替换为 [0-9] . 这是比较常见的形式。

作为一行的regex

^(?!-0$)-?(?:(?=\d{4}$)[12])?(?:(?=\d{3}$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=1)|(?<=-1))\d|(?:(?<=2)|(?<=-2))0))?(?:(?=\d{2}$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|(?<=^\d{2})(?<!20)|(?<=^-\d{2})(?<!-20))\d|(?:(?<=20)|(?<=-20))[0-5]))?(?:(?=\d$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|(?<=^\d{2})|(?<=^-\d{2})|(?<=^\d{3})(?<!205)|(?<=^-\d{3})(?<!-205))\d|(?:(?<=205)|(?<=-205))[0-5]))$

自由间隔模式下的正则表达式

(?x)                # free-spacing mode
^                   # anchor at beginning of string.
(?!-0$)-?           # optional minus sign, but not for -0

(?:                 # OPTIONAL THOUSANDS DIGIT
(?=\d{4}$)[12]      # assert that the number is 4-digit long, match 1 or 2
)?                  # end optional thousands digit


(?:                 # OPTIONAL HUNDREDS DIGIT
(?=\d{3}$)          # assert that there are three digits left
(?:                 # non-capturing group
  (?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=1)|(?<=-1))\d    # if preceding chars are 1, -1 or head of string: value can be any digit
  |                      # or
  (?:(?<=2)|(?<=-2))0                # if preceding chars are 2 or -2: value must be 0
)                   # close non-capturing group
)?                  # end optional hundreds digits

(?:             # OPTIONAL TENS DIGIT
(?=\d{2}$)      # assert that there are two digits left
(?:             # start non-capturing group

                # if preceding char is head of string, single digit,
                # or two digits that are not 20
                # (with or without a minus)
                # value can be any digit
  (?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|
     (?<=^\d{2})(?<!20)|(?<=^-\d{2})(?<!-20))\d  
|               # or
(?:(?<=20)|(?<=-20))[0-5]  # if preceding chars are 20 or -20: value can be from 0 to 5

)               # end non-capturing group
)?              # close optional tens digits

(?:             # FINAL DIGIT (non optional)
(?=\d$)         # assert that there is only one digit left
(?:             # start non-capturing group

                # if preceding char is head of string, single digit, 
                # two digits, or three digits that are not 205
                # (with or without a minus)
                # value can be any digit
  (?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|
      (?<=^\d{2})|(?<=^-\d{2})|
      (?<=^\d{3})(?<!205)|(?<=^-\d{3})(?<!-205))
      \d
  |             # or
  (?:(?<=205)|(?<=-205))[0-5] # if preceding chars are 205 or -205: value can be from 0 to 5
)               # end non-capturing group
)               # end final digit
$

系列试验

这些测试试图与-100000到100000之间的数字相匹配。它们产生以下输出:

Successful test: matches from -2055 to 2055
Successful test: NO matches from -100000 to -2056
Successful test: NO matches from 2056 to 100000

代码如下:

<?php
$regex="~^(?!-0$)-?(?:(?=\d{4}$)[12])?(?:(?=\d{3}$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=1)|(?<=-1))\d|(?:(?<=2)|(?<=-2))0))?(?:(?=\d{2}$)(?:(?:(?<=20)|(?<=-20))[0-5]|(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|(?<=^\d{2})(?<!20)|(?<=^-\d{2})(?<!-20))\d))?(?:(?=\d$)(?:(?:(?<=205)|(?<=-205))[0-5]|(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|(?<=^\d{2})|(?<=^-\d{2})|(?<=^\d{3})(?<!205)|(?<=^-\d{3})(?<!-205))\d))$~";

// Test 1
$success="Successful test: matches from -2055 to 2055";
for($i=-2055;$i<=2055;$i++) {
$chari = sprintf("%d",$i);
if (! preg_match($regex,$chari)) {
    $success="Failed test: matches from -2055 to 2055";
    echo $chari.": No Match!<br />";
    }
}
echo $success."<br />";

// Test 2
$success="Successful test: NO matches from -100000 to -2056";
for($i=-100000;$i<=-2056;$i++) {
$chari = sprintf("%d",$i);
if (preg_match($regex,$chari)) {
    $success="Failed test: NO matches from -100000 to -2056";
    echo $chari.": Match!<br />";
    }
}
echo $success."<br />";

// Test 3
$success="Successful test: NO matches from 2056 to 100000";
for($i=2056;$i<=100000;$i++) {
$chari = sprintf("%d",$i);
if (preg_match($regex,$chari)) {
    $success="Failed test: NO matches from 2056 to 100000";
    echo $chari.": Match!<br />";
    }
}
echo $success."<br />";

?>

速度测试

这是我简单的速度测试的结果,匹配范围从-1米到+1米。正如卡西米尔所指出的,如果阿利泰拉明的表达被锚定,那么它的速度将加快25%!

zx81: 3.796217918396
aliteralmind: 3.9922280311584
difference: 5.1632998151294 percent longer

以下是测试代码:

$regex="~(?x)^(?!-0$)-?(?:(?=\d{4}$)[12])?(?:(?=\d{3}$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=1)|(?<=-1))\d|(?:(?<=2)|(?<=-2))0))?(?:(?=\d{2}$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|(?<=^\d{2})(?<!20)|(?<=^-\d{2})(?<!-20))\d|(?:(?<=20)|(?<=-20))[0-5]))?(?:(?=\d$)(?:(?:(?<=^)|(?<=^-)|(?<=^\d)|(?<=^-\d)|(?<=^\d{2})|(?<=^-\d{2})|(?<=^\d{3})(?<!205)|(?<=^-\d{3})(?<!-205))\d|(?:(?<=205)|(?<=-205))[0-5]))$~";

$regex2 = "~(-?\b(?:20(?:5[0-5]|[0-4][0-9])|1[0-9]{3}|[1-9][0-9]{0,2}|(?<!-)0+))\b~";

$start=microtime(TRUE);
for ($i=-1000000;$i<1000000;$i++) preg_match($regex,$i);
$zxend=microtime(TRUE);
for ($i=-1000000;$i<1000000;$i++) preg_match($regex2,$i);
$alitend=microtime(TRUE);
$zx81 = $zxend-$start;
$alit = $alitend-$zxend;
$diff = 100*($alit-$zx81)/$zx81;
echo "zx81: ".$zx81."<br />";
echo "aliteralmind: ".$alit."<br />";
echo "difference: ".$diff." percent longer<br />";

试试这个:

\-?\b0*(205[0-5]|20[0-4]\d|1?\d{3}|\d{1,2})\b

查看这个为数值范围生成正则表达式的伟大工具:

http://gamon.webfactional.com/regexnumericrangegenerator/

对于OP请求的范围,它生成: -?([0-9]{1,3}|1[0-9]{3}|20[0-4][0-9]|205[0-5])

试一试 非常简单的正则表达式 .

^([-0][0-1][0-9][0-9][0-9])$|^([-0]20[0-4][0-9])$|^([-0]205[0-5])$

视觉表现

它是 很容易理解 .

• 第1组 [-0][0-1][0-9][0-9][0-9] 将覆盖 [-1999年,1999年] 价值观
• 第2组 [-0]20[0-4][0-9] 将覆盖 [-2000,-2049] 和 〔20002049〕 价值观
• 第3组 [-0]205[0-5] 将覆盖 [-2050,-2055] 和 〔2050, 2055〕 价值观

String.format("%05d", number) 在这里做得很好吗?

示例代码:(为了更清楚起见,请阅读内联注释。)

int[] numbers = new int[] { -10002, -3000, -2056, -2055, -2000, -1999, -20, 
                            -1,  0, 1, 260, 1999, 2000, 2046, 2055, 2056, 2955, 
                             3000, 10002, 123456 };

//valid range -2055 to 2055 inclusive

Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^([-0][0-1][0-9][0-9][0-9])$|^([-0]20[0-4][0-9])$|^([-0]205[0-5])$");

for (int number : numbers) {
    String string = String.format("%05d", number);
    Matcher m = p.matcher(string);

    if (m.find()) {
        System.out.println(number + " is in range.");
    } else {
        System.out.println(number + " is not in range.");
    }
}

输出:

-10002 is not in range.
-3000 is not in range.
-2056 is not in range.
-2055 is in range.
-2000 is in range.
-1999 is in range.
-20 is in range.
-1 is in range.
0 is in range.
1 is in range.
260 is in range.
1999 is in range.
2000 is in range.
2046 is in range.
2055 is in range.
2056 is not in range.
2955 is not in range.
3000 is not in range.
10002 is not in range.
123456 is not in range.

试试这个:

^-?0*(1?[0-9]{1,3}|20[0-4][0-9]|205[0-5])$

括号前的正则表达式与可选的 - 任何领先的0。

括号中的第一部分( 1?[0-9]{1,3} )匹配0-1999。

括号中的第二部分( 20[0-4][0-9] )匹配2000-2049。

括号中的第三部分( 205[0-5] )匹配2050-2055。

又一个-

 #  ^-?0*(?:20(?:[0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9]{1,3})$

 ^ 
 -?
 0*
 (?:
      20
      (?:
           [0-4] [0-9] 
        |  
           5 [0-5] 
      )
   |  
      [0-9]{1,3} 
 )
 $