C预处理器宏是否可能包含预处理器指令?

这个 Boost Preprocessor (它既适用于C,也适用于C++,即使Boost作为一个C++库)库也能帮助完成这类任务。它不在宏中使用#ifdef(这是不允许的),而是帮助您多次包含文件,每次定义不同的宏,以便文件可以使用#ifdef。

下面的代码如果保存到max.c,应该可以为文件顶部的MAXES#define中列出的每个单词执行所需的操作。但是,如果任何_MAX值都是浮点值,则它将不起作用,因为预处理器无法处理浮点值。

#define MAXES (SHRT)(INT)(LONG)(PATH)(DOESNT_EXIST)

#if !BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING

/* This portion of the file (from here to #else) is the "main" file */

#include <values.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <boost/preprocessor.hpp>

/* Define a function print_maxes that iterates over the bottom portion of this
 * file for each word in MAXES */
#define BOOST_PP_FILENAME_1 "max.c"
#define BOOST_PP_ITERATION_LIMITS (0,BOOST_PP_DEC(BOOST_PP_SEQ_SIZE(MAXES)))
void print_maxes(void) {
#include BOOST_PP_ITERATE()
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    print_maxes();
}

#else

/* This portion of the file is evaluated multiple times, with
 * BOOST_PP_ITERATION() resolving to a different number every time */

/* Use BOOST_PP_ITERATION() to look up the current word in MAXES */
#define CURRENT BOOST_PP_SEQ_ELEM(BOOST_PP_ITERATION(), MAXES)
#define CURRENT_MAX BOOST_PP_CAT(CURRENT, _MAX)

#if CURRENT_MAX
printf("The max of " BOOST_PP_STRINGIZE(CURRENT) " is %lld\n", (long long) CURRENT_MAX);
#else
printf("The max of " BOOST_PP_STRINGIZE(CURRENT) " is undefined\n");
#endif

#undef CURRENT
#undef CURRENT_MAX

#endif

我以前试过。问题是 # # 定义

我唯一的解决办法就是作弊——生成一个类型列表,其中有一个_XXX_MAX作为一组定义,然后使用它。我不知道如何在预处理器中自动生成列表,所以我不尝试。假设列表不会太长,维护也不会太密集。

#define PRINT_MAX(type) printf("%lld\n", _TYPE##_MAX);
#define HAVE_MAX(type) _TYPE##_MAX // not sure if this works 


/* a repetitious block of code that I cannot factor out - this is the cheat */
#ifdef HAVE_MAX(INT)
#define PRINT_INT_MAX PRINT_MAX(INT)
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_MAX(LONG)
#define PRINT_LONG_MAX PRINT_MAX(LONG)
#endif
/* end of cheat */


#define print_max(type) PRINT_##TYPE##_MAX

我不认为在ifdef中不允许使用###运算符。我试过这个:

#define _print_max(TYPE) \
#ifdef TYPE \
printf("%lld\n", _TYPE); \
#endif

#define print_max(TYPE) _print_max(MAX##_TYPE)


void main() 
{
    print_max(INT)
}

与模板不同,预处理器不是 turing-complete . 一 #ifdef 在宏内部是不可能的。你唯一的解决办法就是确保你只打电话 print_max 在具有匹配 _MAX INT_MAX . 编译器肯定会告诉您它们何时不存在。

没有简单的方法可以做到这一点。最接近的方法是#定义大量IFDEF宏,例如:

#undef IFDEF_INT_MAX
#ifdef INT_MAX
#define IFDEF_INT_MAX(X)  X
#else
#define IFDEF_INT_MAX(X)
#endif

#undef IFDEF_BLAH_MAX
#ifdef BLAH_MAX
#define IFDEF_BLAH_MAX(X)  X
#else
#define IFDEF_BLAH_MAX(X)
#endif

     :

将所有这些文件都粘贴到它们自己的头文件“ifdefs.h”中是有意义的,您可以在需要时将其包括在内。您甚至可以编写一个脚本,从

然后,您的代码变成

#include "ifdefs.h"
#define print_max(TYPE) \
IFDEF_##TYPE##_MAX( printf("%lld\n", TYPE##_MAX); )

print_max(INT);
print_max(BLAH);

只要您只对整数值感兴趣,并且假设硬件使用2的补码和8位字节:

// Of course all this MAX/MIN stuff assumes 2's compilment, with 8-bit bytes...

#define LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE long long

/* This will evaluate to TRUE for an unsigned type, and FALSE for a signed
 * type.  We use 'signed char' since it should be the smallest signed type
 * (which will sign-extend up to <type>'s size) vs. possibly overflowing if
 * going in the other direction (from a larger type to a smaller one).
 */
#define ISUNSIGNED(type) (((type) ((signed char) -1)) > (type) 0)

/* We must test for the "signed-ness" of <type> to determine how to calculate
 * the minimum/maximum value.
 *
 * e.g., If a typedef'ed type name is passed in that is actually an unsigned
 * type:
 *
 *  typedef unsigned int Oid;
 *  MAXIMUM_(Oid);
 */
#define MINIMUM_(type)  ((type) (ISUNSIGNED(type) ? MINIMUM_UNSIGNED_(type)   \
                              : MINIMUM_SIGNED_(  type)))

#define MAXIMUM_(type)  ((type) (ISUNSIGNED(type) ? MAXIMUM_UNSIGNED_(type)   \
                          : MAXIMUM_SIGNED_(  type)))

/* Minumum unsigned value; zero, by definition -- we really only have this
 * macro for symmetry.
 */
#define MINIMUM_UNSIGNED_(type)     ((type) 0)

// Maximum unsigned value; all 1's.
#define MAXIMUM_UNSIGNED_(type)         \
     ((~((unsigned LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE) 0))   \
      >> ((sizeof(LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE) - sizeof(type)) * 8))

/* Minimum signed value; a 1 in the most-significant bit.
 *
 * We use LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE as our base type for the initial bit-shift
 * because we should never overflow (i.e., <type> should always be the same
 * size or smaller than LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE).
 */
#define MINIMUM_SIGNED_(type)       \
  ((type)               \
   ((signed LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE)  \
    (~((unsigned LARGEST_INTEGRAL_TYPE) 0x0) << ((sizeof(type) * 8) - 1))))

// Maximum signed value; 0 in most-significant bit; remaining bits all 1's.
#define MAXIMUM_SIGNED_(type)       (~MINIMUM_SIGNED_(type))