如何使用Chrome和geckowebdriver清除浏览器缓存?

如果您试图获取“Clear Data”元素,那么您可以使用下面的js来获取元素,然后执行。

return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')

下面是示例脚本。

driver.get("chrome://settings/clearBrowserData");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; 
WebElement clearData = (WebElement) js.executeScript("return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')");
// now you can click on clear data button
clearData.click();

编辑2:解释

Selenium不提供使用的明确支持 Shadow DOM elements ,因为它们不在当前dom中。这就是为什么我们会 NoSuchElementException shadow dom .

阴影DOM:

注:我们将参考图中所示的术语。所以请仔细看这张图以便更好地理解。

为了与 阴影元素 shadow host 阴影dom所附加到的。下面是基于shadowHost获取阴影根的简单方法。

private static WebElement getShadowRoot(WebDriver driver,WebElement shadowHost) {
    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
    return (WebElement) js.executeScript("return arguments[0].shadowRoot", shadowHost);
}

然后可以使用shadowRoot元素访问shadowtree元素。

// get the shadowHost in the original dom using findElement
WebElement shadowHost = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("shadowHost_CSS"));
// get the shadow root
WebElement shadowRoot = getShadowRoot(driver,shadowHost);
// access shadow tree element
WebElement shadowTreeElement = shadowRoot.findElement(By.cssSelector("shadow_tree_element_css"));

为了简化上述所有步骤,创建了以下方法。

public static WebElement getShadowElement(WebDriver driver,WebElement shadowHost, String cssOfShadowElement) {
    WebElement shardowRoot = getShadowRoot(driver, shadowHost);
    return shardowRoot.findElement(By.cssSelector(cssOfShadowElement));
}

现在您可以通过单个方法调用获得shadowTree元素

WebElement shadowHost = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("shadowHost_CSS_Goes_here));
WebElement shadowTreeElement = getShadowElement(driver,shadowHost,"shadow_tree_element_css");

.click() , .getText() .

shadowTreeElement.click()

下面是使用上述方法的代码段(getShadowElement和getShadowRoot)

// Locate shadowHost on the current dom
WebElement shadowHostL1 = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("settings-ui"));

// now locate the shadowElement by traversing all shadow levels
WebElement shadowElementL1 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowHostL1, "settings-main");
WebElement shadowElementL2 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL1,"settings-basic-page");
WebElement shadowElementL3 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL2,"settings-section > settings-privacy-page");
WebElement shadowElementL4 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL3,"settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog");
WebElement shadowElementL5 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL4,"#clearBrowsingDataDialog");
WebElement clearData = shadowElementL5.findElement(By.cssSelector("#clearBrowsingDataConfirm"));
System.out.println(clearData.getText());
clearData.click();

您可以在一个js调用中实现上述所有步骤,如答案开头所述(添加到下面只是为了减少混淆)。

WebElement clearData = (WebElement) js.executeScript("return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')");

截图:

我不得不做一个类似的测试,需要清除浏览chrome历史记录。一个小的区别是,我在进入弹出窗口的高级部分后清除了数据。当你努力只点击“清除数据”按钮时,我很确定你错漏了一两个层次结构元素。或者可能混淆了兄弟元素和父元素。通过查看您的代码,我假设您已经知道,要访问特定的shadowdom元素,您需要正确的排序,并且上面已经很好地解释了这一点。
现在就来解决您的问题,这里是我的代码片段,它工作正常。代码将等待数据被清除,然后继续执行下一个操作-

public WebElement expandRootElement(WebElement element) {
WebElement ele = (WebElement) ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("return arguments[0].shadowRoot",
        element);
return ele;
}

public void clearBrowsingHistory() throws Exception {

    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);
    driver.get("chrome://settings/clearBrowserData");
// Get shadow root elements
    WebElement shadowRoot1 = expandRootElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/settings-ui")));

    WebElement root2 = shadowRoot1.findElement(By.cssSelector("settings-main"));
    WebElement shadowRoot2 = expandRootElement(root2);

    WebElement root3 = shadowRoot2.findElement(By.cssSelector("settings-basic-page"));
    WebElement shadowRoot3 = expandRootElement(root3);

    WebElement root4 = shadowRoot3
        .findElement(By.cssSelector("#advancedPage > settings-section > settings-privacy-page"));
    WebElement shadowRoot4 = expandRootElement(root4);

    WebElement root5 = shadowRoot4.findElement(By.cssSelector("settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog"));
    WebElement shadowRoot5 = expandRootElement(root5);

    WebElement root6 = shadowRoot5
        .findElement(By.cssSelector("cr-dialog div[slot ='button-container'] #clearBrowsingDataConfirm"));

    root6.click();
    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOf(root6));
}

我也在这里添加了屏幕快照- image

Locator Strategy document.querySelector() 工作完美通过 google-chrome-devtools

但是,当所需的元素从 shadow-dom 你需要诱导 WebDriverWait网站 对于 elementToBeClickable() 您可以使用以下解决方案:

• 代码块:

  driver.get("chrome://settings/clearBrowserData");
  new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable((WebElement) ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')"))).click();
  System.out.println("Clear data Button Clicked");
  

• 控制台输出:

  Clear data Button Clicked