GitHub操作:在作业之间共享公共操作

正在从切换 Travis CI 到 GitHub Actions ,我想知道是否有一种方法可以在工作之间共享共同的步骤。对于一个项目,我需要每个作业从3个操作开始:签出存储库代码、安装Node.jsv12、从缓存还原Node\u模块(如果可用)。实际上,我已经为每个作业添加了这3个操作,虽然有效,但有点冗长。有没有一种说法:“每个作业必须先运行这些操作”之类的?

name: ci
on: [push, workflow_dispatch]

jobs:
  setup:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Cache node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm install

  test_mysql:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: setup
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Restore node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Test MySQL 5
        run: npm run test-mysql
        env:
          DOCKER_MYSQL_TAG: 5

      - name: Test MySQL 8
        run: npm run test-mysql
        env:
          DOCKER_MYSQL_TAG: 8

  test_postgres:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: setup
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Restore node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Test Postgres 10
        run: npm run test-postgres
        env:
          DOCKER_POSTGRES_TAG: 10

      - name: Test Postgres 11
        run: npm run test-postgres
        env:
          DOCKER_POSTGRES_TAG: 11

      - name: Test Postgres 12
        run: npm run test-postgres
        env:
          DOCKER_POSTGRES_TAG: 12

  test_mariadb:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: setup
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Restore node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Test MariaDB 10.4
        run: npm run test-mariadb
        env:
          DOCKER_MARIADB_TAG: 10.4.12

  test_mssql:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: setup
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Restore node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Test MSSQL 2017
        run: npm run test-mssql
        env:
          DOCKER_MSSQL_TAG: 2017-CU17-ubuntu

      - name: Test MSSQL 2019
        run: npm run test-mssql
        env:
          DOCKER_MSSQL_TAG: 2019-latest

  test_sqlite:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: setup
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Restore node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Test SQLite
        run: npm run test-sqlite

  publish:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: [test_mysql, test_postgres, test_mariadb, test_mssql, test_sqlite]
    steps:
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Setup node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '12'

      - name: Restore node_modules
        id: cache-node-modules
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: node_modules
          key: node-modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

      - name: Build
        run: npm run build

      - name: Check version changes
        uses: EndBug/version-check@v1
        id: check

      - name: Publish
        if: steps.check.outputs.changed == 'true' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
        run: |
          npm set registry "https://registry.npmjs.org"
          npm set //registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken ${{ secrets.NPM_PUBLISH_TOKEN }}
          npm publish