如何使用应用程序ID及其密钥之一进行身份验证?

通常使用服务主体在像VSTS或POWER Script脚本这样的CID/CD环境中部署/管理资源。检查 Sign in with a service principal

从 sample application here 在修复powershell脚本中的错误之后 reported here

我能查到HellokeyFault的来源

 class Program
{
    static KeyVaultClient keyVaultClient;
    static InputValidator inputValidator;

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {

        KeyBundle keyBundle = null; // The key specification and attributes
        SecretBundle secret = null;
        CertificateBundle certificateBundle = null;
        string keyName = string.Empty;
        string secretName = string.Empty;
        string certificateName = string.Empty;
        string certificateCreateName = string.Empty;

        inputValidator = new InputValidator(args);

        ServiceClientTracing.AddTracingInterceptor(new ConsoleTracingInterceptor());
        ServiceClientTracing.IsEnabled = inputValidator.GetTracingEnabled();

        var clientId = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AuthClientId"];
        var cerificateThumbprint = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AuthCertThumbprint"];

        var certificate = FindCertificateByThumbprint(cerificateThumbprint);
        var assertionCert = new ClientAssertionCertificate(clientId, certificate);

        keyVaultClient = new KeyVaultClient((authority, resource, scope) => GetAccessToken(authority, resource, scope, assertionCert), 
               new InjectHostHeaderHttpMessageHandler());
         // etc

这表明我们可以使用authclientid和authcertthumbprint获取令牌

在这种情况下,猜测应用程序id是由authclientid提供的,而“要验证的密钥”是由authcertthumbprint提供的

没有提到服务主体是必需的。