我应该使用什么散列算法?[副本]

PHP函数 hash_algos()

[0] => md2
[1] => md4
[2] => md5
[3] => sha1
[4] => sha256
[5] => sha384
[6] => sha512
[7] => ripemd128
[8] => ripemd160
[9] => ripemd256
[10] => ripemd320
[11] => whirlpool
[12] => tiger128,3
[13] => tiger160,3
[14] => tiger192,3
[15] => tiger128,4
[16] => tiger160,4
[17] => tiger192,4
[18] => snefru
[19] => gost
[20] => adler32
[21] => crc32
[22] => crc32b
[23] => haval128,3
[24] => haval160,3
[25] => haval192,3
[26] => haval224,3
[27] => haval256,3
[28] => haval128,4
[29] => haval160,4
[30] => haval192,4
[31] => haval224,4
[32] => haval256,4
[33] => haval128,5
[34] => haval160,5
[35] => haval192,5
[36] => haval224,5
[37] => haval256,5

我应该用哪一个来做什么和为什么?尤其是,我应该使用哪一个来进行密码散列?