JPMS是否支持自动模块的META-INF/services服务?

Here 关于自动模块,您可以找到以下内容:

模块系统还扫描META-INF/services并使其自动运行 假定允许使用所有服务。

不过,我有以下情况。我想在JPMS中使用log4j2和slf4j。为了做到这一点 log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.1.jar slf4j-api-1.8.0-beta2.jar . log4j的开发者 log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.1.jar文件

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/logging/log4j/Logger
    at org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j@2.11.1/org.apache.logging.slf4j.SLF4JServiceProvider.initialize(SLF4JServiceProvider.java:53)
    at org.slf4j/org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.bind(LoggerFactory.java:153)
    at org.slf4j/org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.performInitialization(LoggerFactory.java:141)
    at org.slf4j/org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getProvider(LoggerFactory.java:419)
    at org.slf4j/org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.java:405)
    at org.slf4j/org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:354)
    at org.slf4j/org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:380)
    at Log4j2Slf4jJdk11/com.temp.NewMain.<clinit>(NewMain.java:12)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:582)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
    ... 8 more

我决定将模块信息添加到 log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.1.jar文件 provides ... with.. . 问题解决了-我什么都没有 NoClassDefFoundError . 这是 link 对这个问题。

所以我的问题是:

2. 如果是,那么如何解释这种行为?

共有5个模块:

slf4j-api-1.8.0-beta2.jar  // name: org.slf4j
log4j-slf4j18-impl-2.11.1.jar // name: org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j
log4j-core-2.11.1.jar // name: org.apache.logging.log4j.core
log4j-api-2.11.1.jar // name: org.apache.logging.log4j
log4j2-slf4j-jdk11-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar // name: Log4j2Slf4jJdk11

变型1 log4j-slf4j18-impl-2.11.1.jar 有 META-INF/services 我得到以下输出(我用 ...

...
root Log4j2Slf4jJdk11 file:.../log4j2-slf4j-jdk11-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Log4j2Slf4jJdk11 requires org.slf4j file:.../slf4j-api-1.8.0-beta2.jar
jdk.compiler binds org.apache.logging.log4j.core file:.../log4j-core-2.11.1.jar automatic
org.slf4j binds org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j file:.../log4j-slf4j18-impl-2.11.1.jar automatic

变型2 如果我运行--show module resolution when log4j-slf4j18-impl-2.11.1.jar 有 module-info 我得到以下输出:

...
root Log4j2Slf4jJdk11 file:.../log4j2-slf4j-jdk11-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Log4j2Slf4jJdk11 requires org.slf4j file:.../slf4j-api-1.8.0-beta2.jar
jdk.compiler binds org.apache.logging.log4j.core file:.../log4j-core-2.11.1.jar automatic
org.slf4j binds org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j file:.../log4j-slf4j18-impl-2.11.1.jar
org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j requires org.slf4j file:.../slf4j-api-1.8.0-beta2.jar
org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j requires org.apache.logging.log4j.core file:.../log4j-core-2.11.1.jar automatic
org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j requires org.apache.logging.log4j file:.../log4j-api-2.11.1.jar
org.apache.logging.log4j binds org.apache.logging.log4j.core file:.../log4j-core-2.11.1.jar automatic

在变体1中,服务来自 org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j 无法加载类( org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger org.apache.logging.log4j.core . 在变体2中,服务来自 org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j org.apache.logging.log4j.core

org.apache.logging.log4j.slf4j requires org.apache.logging.log4j.core

在变体1中没有这样的行。问题出在这里吗?但是如果两个模块是自动的,它们就不能自动解析吗?