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Bash:转换为小写,但保留每个单词第一个字母的大小写

case bash

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Barry · 技术社区 · 5 年前

我反复搜索,但找不到这个特定场景的答案。我希望能够将字符串转换为小写,同时还保留任何现有的有标题的词。

例如:

Hello, this is a Titled woRd aND ThIs one is UPPERCASED.

Hello, this is a Titled word and This one is Uppercased.

每个字母都将小写,除了每个单词的第一个字母将保留大小写。我很熟悉改变案例的常见形式,但不是这么具体。不要和标题混淆,因为这不是我在这里要问的。非常感谢您的帮助。

0 回复 | 直到 5 年前

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Raman Sailopal 5 年前

使用GNU awk:

awk '{ for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) { printf "%s",substr($i,1,1);for(j=2;j<=length($i);j++) { printf "%s",tolower(substr($i,j,1))} printf "%s"," " } }' <<< "Hello, this is a Titled woRd aND ThIs one is UPPERCASED."

awk '{ 
       for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) {                           # Loop on each word
          printf "%s",substr($i,1,1);                  # Print the first letter in the word
          for(j=2;j<=length($i);j++) {  
            printf "%s",tolower(substr($i,j,1))        # Loop on the rest of the letters in the word and print in lower case
          }  
       printf "%s"," "                                 # Print a space
       } 
     }' <<< "Hello, this is a Titled woRd aND ThIs one is UPPERCASED."

使用bash:

for var in $(echo "Hello, this is a Titled woRd aND ThIs one is UPPERCASED.");
do 
   printf "%s" ${var:0:1};             # Print the first letter of the word
   var1=${var:1};                      # Read the rest of the word into var1
   printf "%s " "${var1,,[$var1]}";    # Convert vars into lowercase and print
done

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Thomas 5 年前

不知道你是否需要一个纯净的 bash 解决方案,但使用一些常用的实用程序使生活更轻松。

awk :

$ echo 'Hello, this is a Titled woRd aND ThIs one is UPPERCASED.' | \
    awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){$i=substr($i,1,1)tolower(substr($i,2))}}1'
Hello, this is a Titled word and This one is Uppercased.

$i )该字段的第一个字母,后跟该字段其余部分的降格副本。

sed (便携性较差,但可读性可能更高):

$ echo 'Hello, this is a Titled woRd aND ThIs one is UPPERCASED.' | \
    sed -r 's/\b(\w)(\w*)/\1\L\2/g'
Hello, this is a Titled word and This one is Uppercased.

\b )后跟一个字母(单词字符, \w )然后是零个或更多的字母( \w* \1 ),后跟小写版本( \L \2 ).