{Binding Path=PathToProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}

{Binding Path=PathToProperty,
    RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type typeOfAncestor}}}

{Binding Path=PathToProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}

{TemplateBinding Path=PathToProperty}

Binding RelativeSource={
    RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type ItemType}
}
...

RelativeSource Mode from MSDN

<Rectangle Fill="Red" Name="rectangle" 
                    Height="100" Stroke="Black" 
                    Canvas.Top="100" Canvas.Left="100"
                    Width="{Binding ElementName=rectangle,
                    Path=Height}"/>

<Rectangle Fill="Red" Height="100" 
                   Stroke="Black" 
                   Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
                   Path=Height}"/>

 <TextBlock Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
                   Path=Parent.ActualWidth}"/>

his article here

<Rectangle Fill="Red" Name="rectangle" 
                Height="100" Stroke="Black" 
                Canvas.Top="100" Canvas.Left="100"
                Width="{Binding ElementName=rectangle,
                Path=Height}"/>

<Rectangle Fill="Red" Height="100" 
               Stroke="Black" 
               Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
               Path=Height}"/>

 <TextBlock Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
               Path=Parent.ActualWidth}"/>

<Canvas Name="Parent0">
    <Border Name="Parent1"
             Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
             Path=Parent.ActualWidth}"
             Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
             Path=Parent.ActualHeight}">
        <Canvas Name="Parent2">
            <Border Name="Parent3"
            Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
           Path=Parent.ActualWidth}"
           Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
              Path=Parent.ActualHeight}">
               <Canvas Name="Parent4">
               <TextBlock FontSize="16" 
               Margin="5" Text="Display the name of the ancestor"/>
               <TextBlock FontSize="16" 
                 Margin="50" 
            Text="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource  
                       FindAncestor,
                       AncestorType={x:Type Border}, 
                       AncestorLevel=2},Path=Name}" 
                       Width="200"/>
                </Canvas>
            </Border>
        </Canvas>
     </Border>
   </Canvas>

<Window.Resources>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="template">
        <Canvas>
            <Canvas.RenderTransform>
                <RotateTransform Angle="20"/>
                </Canvas.RenderTransform>
            <Ellipse Height="100" Width="150" 
                 Fill="{Binding 
            RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},
            Path=Background}">

              </Ellipse>
            <ContentPresenter Margin="35" 
                  Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource  
                  TemplatedParent},Path=Content}"/>
        </Canvas>
    </ControlTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
    <Canvas Name="Parent0">
    <Button   Margin="50" 
              Template="{StaticResource template}" Height="0" 
              Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Width="0">
        <TextBlock FontSize="22">Click me</TextBlock>
    </Button>
 </Canvas>

RelativeSource properties

enum

value=0 property

value=1 templates control

ControlTemplate

  <ControlTemplate>
        <CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=Value, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
 </ControlTemplate>

value=2 self

checkbox CommandParameter Command CheckBox

<CheckBox ...... CommandParameter="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},Path=IsChecked}" />

value=3 Visual Tree

records grid header

<CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type iDP:XamDataGrid}}, Path=DataContext.IsHeaderChecked, Mode=TwoWay}" />

FindAncestor

RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type iDP:XamDataGrid}}

visual tree

RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type iDP:XamDataGrid, AncestorLevel=1}}

RelativeSource binding

Here is a reference link

<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"/>

{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}

{Binding Path=PathToProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}
{Binding Path=PathToProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type typeOfAncestor}}}
{Binding Path=PathToProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}
{Binding Path=Text, ElementName=MyTextBox}

{BindTo PathToProperty}
{BindTo Ancestor.typeOfAncestor.PathToProperty}
{BindTo Template.PathToProperty}
{BindTo #MyTextBox.Text}

// C# code
private ICommand _saveCommand;
public ICommand SaveCommand {
 get {
  if (_saveCommand == null) {
   _saveCommand = new RelayCommand(x => this.SaveObject());
  }
  return _saveCommand;
 }
}

private void SaveObject() {
 // do something
}

// XAML
{Binding Path=SaveCommand}

// C# code
private void SaveObject() {
 // do something
}

// XAML
{BindTo SaveObject()}

http://www.simplygoodcode.com/2012/08/simpler-wpf-binding.html

RelayCommand

Binding b = new Binding();
b.RelativeSource = new RelativeSource(RelativeSourceMode.FindAncestor, this.GetType(), 1);
b.Path = new PropertyPath("MyElementThatNeedsBinding");
MyLabel.SetBinding(ContentProperty, b);

Binding Relative Source in code Behind

RelativeSource Class

another solution Binding ElementName

Mode=FindAncestor

Command="{Binding Path=DataContext.CommandProperty, RelativeSource={...}}"

<Style.Triggers>
    <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding Items.Count, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}" Value="0">
        <Setter Property="Background">
            <Setter.Value>
                <VisualBrush Stretch="None">
                    <VisualBrush.Visual>
                        <TextBlock Text="We did't find any matching records for your search..." FontSize="16" FontWeight="SemiBold" Foreground="LightCoral"/>
                    </VisualBrush.Visual>
                </VisualBrush>
            </Setter.Value>
        </Setter>
    </DataTrigger>
</Style.Triggers>

[WPF] How to bind to data when the DataContext is not inherited

his article

comment directly on his blog post

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding ShowPrice,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter}}"/>

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding DataContext.ShowPrice,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter},
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=DataGrid}}"/>

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding IsChecked,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter},
                ElementName=chkShowPrice}"/>

public class BindingProxy : Freezable
{
    #region Overrides of Freezable

    protected override Freezable CreateInstanceCore()
    {
        return new BindingProxy();
    }

    #endregion

    public object Data
    {
        get { return (object)GetValue(DataProperty); }
        set { SetValue(DataProperty, value); }
    }

    // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for Data.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
    public static readonly DependencyProperty DataProperty =
        DependencyProperty.Register("Data", typeof(object), typeof(BindingProxy), new UIPropertyMetadata(null));
}

<DataGrid.Resources>
    <local:BindingProxy x:Key="proxy" Data="{Binding}" />
</DataGrid.Resources>

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding Data.ShowPrice,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter},
                Source={StaticResource proxy}}"/>