@部分模拟的取消静态初始化

从您的描述来看,黑盒测试似乎不是一个选项,所以也许我们可以通过模拟用户的构造函数并验证其交互来依赖一些白盒测试。

在下面,您可以找到从初始样本推断出的完整示例,包括 .orElseThrow(strategyMissing(type)) .

TypeStrategy 完好无损,这意味着将执行映射的静态初始化块。因此,我们需要特别注意消费者模拟实例。我们需要确保在初始模拟阶段添加到映射中的相同模拟实例在所有测试中都可用,否则验证将失败。因此,我们不会为每个测试创建mock,而是为所有测试创建一次mock。虽然在单元测试中不建议这样做(测试应该是独立的和独立的),但我相信在这种特殊情况下,这是一个可以接受的不错的折衷方案。

import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;

import java.util.AbstractMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import static org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.whenNew;

// enable powermock magic    
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({MockitoTest.TypeStrategy.class})
public class MockitoTest {
    private static CreateConsumer createConsumerMock;
    private static ModifyConsumer modifyConsumerMock;

    // static initializer in TypeStrategy => mock everything once in the beginning to avoid having new mocks for each test (otherwise "verify" will fail)
    @BeforeClass
    public static void setup() throws Exception {
        // mock the constructors to return mocks which we can later check for interactions
        createConsumerMock = mock(CreateConsumer.class);
        modifyConsumerMock = mock(ModifyConsumer.class);
        whenNew(CreateConsumer.class).withAnyArguments().thenReturn(createConsumerMock);
        whenNew(ModifyConsumer.class).withAnyArguments().thenReturn(modifyConsumerMock);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldDelegateToCreateConsumer() {
        checkSpecificInteraction(Type.CREATE, createConsumerMock);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldDelegateToModifyConsumer() {
        checkSpecificInteraction(Type.MODIFY, modifyConsumerMock);
    }

    private void checkSpecificInteraction(Type type, Consumer<ConsumerContext> consumer) {
        ConsumerContext expectedContext = new ConsumerContext();

        // invoke the object under test
        TypeStrategy.consume(type, expectedContext);

        // check interactions
        verify(consumer).accept(expectedContext);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldThrowExceptionForUnsupportedConsumer() {
        ConsumerContext expectedContext = new ConsumerContext();

        // unsupported type mock
        Type unsupportedType = PowerMockito.mock(Type.class);
        when(unsupportedType.toString()).thenReturn("Unexpected");

        // powermock does not play well with "@Rule ExpectedException", use plain old try-catch
        try {
            // invoke the object under test
            TypeStrategy.consume(unsupportedType, expectedContext);

            // if no exception was thrown to this point, the test is failed
            fail("Should have thrown exception for unsupported consumers");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            assertThat(e.getMessage(), is("Type [" + unsupportedType + "] not supported"));
        }
    }


    /* production classes below */

    public static class TypeStrategy {
        private static final CreateConsumer CREATE_CONSUMER = new CreateConsumer();
        private static final ModifyConsumer MODIFY_CONSUMER = new ModifyConsumer();

        private static final Map<Type, Consumer<ConsumerContext>> MAP = Stream.of(
                new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<>(Type.CREATE, CREATE_CONSUMER),
                new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<>(Type.MODIFY, MODIFY_CONSUMER)
        ).collect(Collectors.toMap(Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue));

        public static void consume(Type type, ConsumerContext context) {
            Optional.ofNullable(MAP.get(type))
                    .orElseThrow(strategyMissing(type))
                    .accept(context);
        }

        private static Supplier<IllegalArgumentException> strategyMissing(Type type) {
            return () -> new IllegalArgumentException("Type [" + type + "] not supported");
        }
    }

    public static class CreateConsumer implements Consumer<ConsumerContext> {
        @Override
        public void accept(ConsumerContext consumerContext) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented");
        }
    }

    public static class ModifyConsumer implements Consumer<ConsumerContext> {
        @Override
        public void accept(ConsumerContext consumerContext) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented");
        }
    }

    public enum Type {
        MODIFY, CREATE
    }

    public static class ConsumerContext {
    }
}