Powershell可以并行运行命令吗?

可以使用 Background Jobs . 退房 Start-Job

# Loop through the server list
Get-Content "ServerList.txt" | %{

  # Define what each job does
  $ScriptBlock = {
    param($pipelinePassIn) 
    Test-Path "\\$pipelinePassIn\c`$\Something"
    Start-Sleep 60
  }

  # Execute the jobs in parallel
  Start-Job $ScriptBlock -ArgumentList $_
}

Get-Job

# Wait for it all to complete
While (Get-Job -State "Running")
{
  Start-Sleep 10
}

# Getting the information back from the jobs
Get-Job | Receive-Job

史蒂夫·汤森的回答在理论上是正确的,但在实践中却并非如@likwid所指出的那样。我修改后的代码考虑了 工作环境障碍 --默认情况下没有任何东西能越过这个障碍!自动档 $_ 因此,变量可以在循环中使用,但不能直接在脚本块中使用,因为它位于作业创建的单独上下文中。

若要将变量从父上下文传递到子上下文,请使用 -ArgumentList Start-Job 发送并使用 param 在脚本块中接收它。

cls
# Send in two root directory names, one that exists and one that does not.
# Should then get a "True" and a "False" result out the end.
"temp", "foo" | %{

  $ScriptBlock = {
    # accept the loop variable across the job-context barrier
    param($name) 
    # Show the loop variable has made it through!
    Write-Host "[processing '$name' inside the job]"
    # Execute a command
    Test-Path "\$name"
    # Just wait for a bit...
    Start-Sleep 5
  }

  # Show the loop variable here is correct
  Write-Host "processing $_..."

  # pass the loop variable across the job-context barrier
  Start-Job $ScriptBlock -ArgumentList $_
}

# Wait for all to complete
While (Get-Job -State "Running") { Start-Sleep 2 }

# Display output from all jobs
Get-Job | Receive-Job

# Cleanup
Remove-Job *

(我通常喜欢提供PowerShell文档的参考作为支持证据,但是,唉,我的搜索没有结果。如果你碰巧知道在哪里记录了上下文分离,请在这里发表评论让我知道!)

http://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/scriptcenter/Invoke-Async-Allows-you-to-83b0c9f0

有了脚本块,

$sb = [scriptblock] {param($system) gwmi win32_operatingsystem -ComputerName $system | select csname,caption} 

$servers = Get-Content servers.txt 

$rtn = Invoke-Async -Set $server -SetParam system  -ScriptBlock $sb

只是命令/函数

$servers = Get-Content servers.txt 

$rtn = Invoke-Async -Set $servers -SetParam computername -Params @{count=1} -Cmdlet Test-Connection -ThreadCount 50

背景作业的设置成本很高,而且不可重用。PowerShell MVP欧辛格雷汉 有 a good example

(2010年10月25日网站关闭,但可通过网络档案访问)。

我在这里使用了用于数据加载例程的自适应Oisin脚本:

http://rsdd.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/a6cd657ea2be#Invoke-RSDDThreaded.ps1

1. 作业(或PS 6/7或模块中的线程作业)
2. 启动进程
3. 工作流程
5. 对多台计算机调用命令,这些计算机都可以是本地主机(必须是管理员)
7. Powershell 7有一个 foreach-object -parallel

这里的工作流实际上是一个foreach-parallel:

workflow work {
  foreach -parallel ($i in 1..3) { 
    sleep 5 
    "$i done" 
  }
}

work

3 done
1 done
2 done

或具有并行块的工作流:

function sleepfor($time) { sleep $time; "sleepfor $time done"}

workflow work {
  parallel {
    sleepfor 3
    sleepfor 2
    sleepfor 1
  }
  'hi'
}

work 

sleepfor 1 done
sleepfor 2 done
sleepfor 3 done
hi

下面是一个带有runspaces示例的api:

$a =  [PowerShell]::Create().AddScript{sleep 5;'a done'}
$b =  [PowerShell]::Create().AddScript{sleep 5;'b done'}
$c =  [PowerShell]::Create().AddScript{sleep 5;'c done'}
$r1,$r2,$r3 = ($a,$b,$c).begininvoke() # run in background
$a.EndInvoke($r1); $b.EndInvoke($r2); $c.EndInvoke($r3) # wait
($a,$b,$c).streams.error # check for errors
($a,$b,$c).dispose() # clean

a done
b done
c done

Wait-Job 要等待所有作业完成,请执行以下操作:

For ($i=1; $i -le 3; $i++) {
    $ScriptBlock = {
        Param (
            [string] [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] $increment
        )

        Write-Host $increment
    }

    Start-Job $ScriptBlock -ArgumentList $i
}

Get-Job | Wait-Job | Receive-Job