如何输出不同颜色的ruby命令行文本

我发现 this article 描述一种将彩色文本写入控制台的非常简单的方法。这篇文章描述了这个小例子,它似乎做到了这一点(我冒昧地稍微改进了一下):

def colorize(text, color_code)
  "\e[#{color_code}m#{text}\e[0m"
end

def red(text); colorize(text, 31); end
def green(text); colorize(text, 32); end

# Actual example
puts 'Importing categories [ ' + green('DONE') + ' ]'
puts 'Importing tags       [' + red('FAILED') + ']'

在使用windowsxp时,作者提到了一个名为 win32console

我发现 Colored gem 使用起来最简单、最干净。

puts "this is red".red
puts "this is red with a blue background (read: ugly)".red_on_blue
puts "this is red with an underline".red.underline
puts "this is really bold and really blue".bold.blue
logger.debug "hey this is broken!".red_on_yellow 

begin
   require 'Win32/Console/ANSI' if PLATFORM =~ /win32/
rescue LoadError
   raise 'You must gem install win32console to use color on Windows'
end

class Colors
   COLOR1 = "\e[1;36;40m"
   COLOR2 = "\e[1;35;40m"
   NOCOLOR = "\e[0m"
   RED = "\e[1;31;40m"
   GREEN = "\e[1;32;40m"
   DARKGREEN = "\e[0;32;40m"
   YELLOW = "\e[1;33;40m"
   DARKCYAN = "\e[0;36;40m"
end

class String
   def color(color)
      return color + self + Colors::NOCOLOR
   end
end

"Hello World".color(Colors::DARKGREEN)

要了解所有颜色,只需执行以下操作:

begin
  require 'Win32/Console/ANSI' if PLATFORM =~ /win32/
rescue LoadError
  raise 'You must gem install win32console to use color on Windows'
end

[0, 1, 4, 5, 7].each do |attr|
  puts '----------------------------------------------------------------'
  puts "ESC[#{attr};Foreground;Background"
  30.upto(37) do |fg|
    40.upto(47) do |bg|
      print "\033[#{attr};#{fg};#{bg}m #{fg};#{bg}  "
    end
  puts "\033[0m"
  end
end

使用转义序列 \033 而不是 \e

我想我会添加另一个解决方案,因为它做的事情有点不同,包括更多的颜色代码:

首先是一些例子。。。

使用方法链接:

String.include(AnsiTextStyles)

puts "How are you?".blue.bold + " " + 'I am good!'.red.bold
puts '%s %s' % ["How are you?".blue.bold, 'I am good!'.red.bold]

使用 style 方法并应用多个属性:

puts "How are you?".style(:red)
puts 'I am good!'.style(:blue, :underline)
puts 'Good to hear'.style([:bg_magenta, :blink])

text_styles = {
    red_bold:       [:red, :bold],
    blue_underline: [:blue, :underline],
    pretty:         [:bg_magenta, :blink],
  }

text_styles.each do |name, style|
  styled_text = "Text styled multiple ways".style(style)
  puts "%s: %s" % [name, styled_text]
end

我还举了几个例子 this gist I created 并对代码进行了扩展,以包括细化,从而限定对字符串的修改范围。

module AnsiTextStyles

  TEXT_ATTRIBUTES = {
      # text properties
      none: 0, # turn off all attributes
      bold: 1, bright: 1, # these do the same thing really
      italic: 3, underline: 4, blink: 5,
      reverse: 7, # swap foreground and background colours
      hide: 8, # foreground color same as background

      # foreground colours
      black: 30, grey: 90, lt_grey: 37, :white => 97,
      red: 31, lt_red: 91, 
      green: 32, lt_green: 92,
      dk_yellow: 33, brown: 33, yellow: 93,
      blue: 34, lt_blue: 94,
      magenta: 35, pink: 95, lt_magenta: 95,
      cyan: 36, lt_cyan: 96,
      default: 39,

      # background colours
      bg_black: 40, bg_grey: 100, bg_lt_grey: 47, bg_white: 107,
      bg_red: 41, bg_lt_red: 101,
      bg_green: 42, bg_lt_green: 102,
      bg_dk_yellow: 43, bg_brown: 43, bg_yellow: 103,
      bg_blue: 44, bg_lt_blue: 104,
      bg_magenta: 45, bg_pink: 105, bg_lt_magenta: 105,
      bg_cyan: 46, bg_lt_cyan: 106,
    }

  def self.text_attributes
    TEXT_ATTRIBUTES.keys
  end

  # applies the text attributes to the current string
  def style(*text_attributes)
    codes = TEXT_ATTRIBUTES.values_at(*text_attributes.flatten).compact
    "\e[%sm%s\e[m" % [codes.join(';'), self.to_s]
  end

end

puts "The following word is blue.. \e[34mIm Blue!\e[0m"
puts "The following word is green.. \e[32mIm Green!\e[0m"
puts "The following word is red.. \e[31mIm Red!\e[0m"

ASCII码还支持下划线、闪烁和突出显示文本等功能。

helper library 可用于为您处理实际ASCII代码。

编辑 win32console gem 这似乎解决了这个问题。

您可以使用以下代码段(在链接到的页面上找到)仅在windows上加载Win32 Console库:

begin
  require 'Win32/Console/ANSI' if PLATFORM =~ /win32/
rescue LoadError
  raise 'You must gem install win32console to use color on Windows'
end

查看cli colorize gem: http://github.com/stjohncj/cli-colorize/blob/master/README.rdoc

我的建议是: paint 宝石它不强制执行字符串扩展,并支持256色(对于非256色的终端,使用后退模式)。

用法:

puts Paint["I'm blue!", :blue]
puts Paint["I'm dark blue if your terminal supports it!", "#000044"]

请查看以下库:

http://www.gnu.org/software/ncurses/ncurses.html

https://github.com/JEG2/highline

http://coderay.rubychan.de/

使用彩色宝石!过来看:

https://github.com/fazibear/colorize

安装:

sudo gem install colorize

require 'colorize'

puts "I am now red.".red
puts "I am now blue.".green
puts "I am a super coder".yellow