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将NSData序列化为hexadeximal字符串的最佳方法

nsdata notifications iphone

103

sarfata · 技术社区 · 17 年前

我有以下实现,但我认为一定有一些更短更好的方法来实现它。

+ (NSString*) serializeDeviceToken:(NSData*) deviceToken
{
    NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:64];
    int length = [deviceToken length];
    char *bytes = malloc(sizeof(char) * length);

    [deviceToken getBytes:bytes length:length];

    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        [str appendFormat:@"%02.2hhX", bytes[i]];
    }
    free(bytes);

    return str;
}

15 回复 | 直到 17 年前

208

Dave 11 年前

NSData+转换。h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface NSData (NSData_Conversion)

#pragma mark - String Conversion
- (NSString *)hexadecimalString;

@end

NSData+转换。米

#import "NSData+Conversion.h"

@implementation NSData (NSData_Conversion)

#pragma mark - String Conversion
- (NSString *)hexadecimalString {
    /* Returns hexadecimal string of NSData. Empty string if data is empty.   */

    const unsigned char *dataBuffer = (const unsigned char *)[self bytes];

    if (!dataBuffer)
        return [NSString string];

    NSUInteger          dataLength  = [self length];
    NSMutableString     *hexString  = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:(dataLength * 2)];

    for (int i = 0; i < dataLength; ++i)
        [hexString appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02lx", (unsigned long)dataBuffer[i]]];

    return [NSString stringWithString:hexString];
}

@end

用途:

NSData *someData = ...;
NSString *someDataHexadecimalString = [someData hexadecimalString];

这“可能”比打电话好 [someData description] 然后剥离空间<和>s剥离角色感觉太“黑客”了。另外,你永远不知道苹果是否会改变NSData的格式 -description 未来。

我让人们联系我,询问这个答案中代码的许可问题。我特此将我在本答案中发布的代码的版权归公共领域所有。

junjie Peter 6 年前

这是一个高度优化的 NSData category 生成十六进制字符串的方法。虽然@Dave Gallagher的答案对于相对较小的大小来说已经足够了,但对于大量数据,内存和cpu性能会下降。我在iPhone 5上用2MB的文件对此进行了分析。时间比较为0.05秒对12秒。这种方法的内存占用可以忽略不计,而另一种方法将堆增加到70MB!

- (NSString *) hexString
{
    NSUInteger bytesCount = self.length;
    if (bytesCount) {
        const char *hexChars = "0123456789ABCDEF";
        const unsigned char *dataBuffer = self.bytes;
        char *chars = malloc(sizeof(char) * (bytesCount * 2 + 1));       
        if (chars == NULL) {
            // malloc returns null if attempting to allocate more memory than the system can provide. Thanks CÅur
            [NSException raise:NSInternalInconsistencyException format:@"Failed to allocate more memory" arguments:nil];
            return nil;
        }
        char *s = chars;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < bytesCount; ++i) {
            *s++ = hexChars[((*dataBuffer & 0xF0) >> 4)];
            *s++ = hexChars[(*dataBuffer & 0x0F)];
            dataBuffer++;
        }
        *s = '\0';
        NSString *hexString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:chars];
        free(chars);
        return hexString;
    }
    return @"";
}

NSProgrammer 10 年前

很抱歉重复了这个解决方案,但重要的是要花精力对其进行序列化,而不要背负API,因为它是用于除数据序列化之外的其他用途的。

@implementation NSData (Hex)

- (NSString*)hexString
{
    NSUInteger length = self.length;
    unichar* hexChars = (unichar*)malloc(sizeof(unichar) * (length*2));
    unsigned char* bytes = (unsigned char*)self.bytes;
    for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        unichar c = bytes[i] / 16;
        if (c < 10) {
            c += '0';
        } else {
            c += 'A' - 10;
        }
        hexChars[i*2] = c;

        c = bytes[i] % 16;
        if (c < 10) {
            c += '0';
        } else {
            c += 'A' - 10;
        }
        hexChars[i*2+1] = c;
    }
    NSString* retVal = [[NSString alloc] initWithCharactersNoCopy:hexChars length:length*2 freeWhenDone:YES];
    return [retVal autorelease];
}

@end

Moose 8 年前

以下是一种更快的转换方法:

BenchMark(1024字节数据转换重复100次的平均时间):

戴夫·加拉格尔:约8.070毫秒
N编程器:~0.077毫秒
彼得:~0.031毫秒
这个:~0.017毫秒

@implementation NSData (BytesExtras)

static char _NSData_BytesConversionString_[512] = "000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f202122232425262728292a2b2c2d2e2f303132333435363738393a3b3c3d3e3f404142434445464748494a4b4c4d4e4f505152535455565758595a5b5c5d5e5f606162636465666768696a6b6c6d6e6f707172737475767778797a7b7c7d7e7f808182838485868788898a8b8c8d8e8f909192939495969798999a9b9c9d9e9fa0a1a2a3a4a5a6a7a8a9aaabacadaeafb0b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9babbbcbdbebfc0c1c2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9cacbcccdcecfd0d1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dadbdcdddedfe0e1e2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9eaebecedeeeff0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9fafbfcfdfeff";

-(NSString*)bytesString
{
    UInt16*  mapping = (UInt16*)_NSData_BytesConversionString_;
    register UInt16 len = self.length;
    char*    hexChars = (char*)malloc( sizeof(char) * (len*2) );

    // --- Coeur's contribution - a safe way to check the allocation
    if (hexChars == NULL) {
    // we directly raise an exception instead of using NSAssert to make sure assertion is not disabled as this is irrecoverable
        [NSException raise:@"NSInternalInconsistencyException" format:@"failed malloc" arguments:nil];
        return nil;
    }
    // ---

    register UInt16* dst = ((UInt16*)hexChars) + len-1;
    register unsigned char* src = (unsigned char*)self.bytes + len-1;

    while (len--) *dst-- = mapping[*src--];

    NSString* retVal = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytesNoCopy:hexChars length:self.length*2 encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding freeWhenDone:YES];
#if (!__has_feature(objc_arc))
   return [retVal autorelease];
#else
    return retVal;
#endif
}

@end

NiñoScript 10 年前

Swift功能版本

一个衬垫:

let hexString = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(data.bytes),
count: data.length).map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")

以下是一个可重用且自文档化的扩展表单:

extension NSData {
    func base16EncodedString(uppercase uppercase: Bool = false) -> String {
        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes),
                                                count: self.length)
        let hexFormat = uppercase ? "X" : "x"
        let formatString = "%02\(hexFormat)"
        let bytesAsHexStrings = buffer.map {
            String(format: formatString, $0)
        }
        return bytesAsHexStrings.joinWithSeparator("")
    }
}

reduce("", combine: +) 而不是 joinWithSeparator("")

编辑:我将String($0,基数:16)更改为String(格式:“%02x”,$0),因为一位数需要填充零

john07 7 年前

func hexString(data:NSData)->String{
    if data.length > 0 {
        let  hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        let buf = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(data.bytes), count: data.length);
        var output = [UInt8](count: data.length*2 + 1, repeatedValue: 0);
        var ix:Int = 0;
        for b in buf {
            let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
            let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
            output[ix++] = hexChars[ hi];
            output[ix++] = hexChars[low];
        }
        let result = String.fromCString(UnsafePointer(output))!;
        return result;
    }
    return "";
}

快速3

func hexString()->String{
    if count > 0 {
        let hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        return withUnsafeBytes({ (bytes:UnsafePointer<UInt8>) -> String in
            let buf = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: bytes, count: self.count);
            var output = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: self.count*2 + 1);
            var ix:Int = 0;
            for b in buf {
                let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
                let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
                output[ix] = hexChars[ hi];
                ix += 1;
                output[ix] = hexChars[low];
                ix += 1;
            }
            return String(cString: UnsafePointer(output));
        })
    }
    return "";
}

Swift 5

func hexString()->String{
    if count > 0 {
        let hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        return withUnsafeBytes{ bytes->String in
            var output = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: bytes.count*2 + 1);
            var ix:Int = 0;
            for b in bytes {
                let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
                let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
                output[ix] = hexChars[ hi];
                ix += 1;
                output[ix] = hexChars[low];
                ix += 1;
            }
            return String(cString: UnsafePointer(output));
        }
    }
    return "";
}

John Stephen 12 年前

我需要解决这个问题,发现这里的答案非常有用,但我担心性能。这些答案大多涉及从NSData中批量复制数据,因此我编写了以下代码以低开销进行转换:

@interface NSData (HexString)
@end

@implementation NSData (HexString)

- (NSString *)hexString {
    NSMutableString *string = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:self.length * 3];
    [self enumerateByteRangesUsingBlock:^(const void *bytes, NSRange byteRange, BOOL *stop){
        for (NSUInteger offset = 0; offset < byteRange.length; ++offset) {
            uint8_t byte = ((const uint8_t *)bytes)[offset];
            if (string.length == 0)
                [string appendFormat:@"%02X", byte];
            else
                [string appendFormat:@" %02X", byte];
        }
    }];
    return string;
}

if (string.length == 0)
    [string appendFormat:@"%02X", byte];
else
    [string appendFormat:@" %02X", byte];

下降到只是

[string appendFormat:@"%02X", byte];

BadPirate 15 年前

我需要一个适用于可变长度字符串的答案,所以我这样做了:

+ (NSString *)stringWithHexFromData:(NSData *)data
{
    NSString *result = [[data description] stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
    result = [result substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1, [result length] - 2)];
    return result;
}

Rostyslav Bachyk 15 年前

您始终可以使用[yourString uppercaseString]在数据描述中将字母大写

loretoparisi 15 年前

将NSData序列化/反序列化为NSString的更好方法是使用 Google Toolbox for Mac

/**
 * Serialize NSData to Base64 encoded NSString
 */
-(void) serialize:(NSData*)data {

    self.encodedData = [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:data];

}

/**
 * Deserialize Base64 NSString to NSData
 */
-(NSData*) deserialize {

    return [GTMBase64 decodeString:self.encodedData];

}

Alex 10 年前

这是一个使用Swift 3的解决方案

extension Data {

    public var hexadecimalString : String {
        var str = ""
        enumerateBytes { buffer, index, stop in
            for byte in buffer {
                str.append(String(format:"%02x",byte))
            }
        }
        return str
    }

}

extension NSData {

    public var hexadecimalString : String {
        return (self as Data).hexadecimalString
    }

}

Ramesh 12 年前

@implementation NSData (Extn)

- (NSString *)description
{
    NSMutableString *str = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
    const char *bytes = self.bytes;
    for (int i = 0; i < [self length]; i++) {
        [str appendFormat:@"%02hhX ", bytes[i]];
    }
    return [str autorelease];
}

@end

Now you can call NSLog(@"hex value: %@", data)

newfurniturey 12 年前

%08x 到 %08X 获得大写字符。

Community Mohan Dere 9 年前

Swift+房地产。

我更喜欢用十六进制表示作为属性(与 bytes 和 description 属性):

extension NSData {

    var hexString: String {

        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes), count: self.length)
        return buffer.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")
    }

    var heXString: String {

        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes), count: self.length)
        return buffer.map { String(format: "%02X", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")
    }
}

这个想法是借来的 answer

-4

Matthew Verstraete Rjev 9 年前

[deviceToken description]

您需要删除空格。

就我个人而言 base64 编码 deviceToken ,但这是品味的问题。