SQL Server-使用UNPIVOT包含NULL

要保留NULL,请使用CROSS JOIN。..案例:

select a.ID, b.column_name
, column_value = 
    case b.column_name
      when 'col1' then a.col1
      when 'col2' then a.col2
      when 'col3' then a.col3
      when 'col4' then a.col4
    end
from (
  select ID, col1, col2, col3, col4 
  from table1
  ) a
cross join (
  select 'col1' union all
  select 'col2' union all
  select 'col3' union all
  select 'col4'
  ) b (column_name)

而不是:

select ID, column_name, column_value
From (
  select ID, col1, col2, col3, col4
  from table1
  ) a
unpivot (
  column_value FOR column_name IN (
    col1, col2, col3, col4)
  ) b

具有列模式的文本编辑器使此类查询更容易编写。UltraEdit有,Emacs也有。在Emacs中,它被称为矩形编辑。

您可能需要为100列编写脚本。

UNPIVOT ISNULL()

我有问题 PIVOT 也。缺失的行变成 NULL ,你必须把它包起来 ISNULL() 0.0

我也遇到了同样的问题。使用 CROSS APPLY (SQL Server 2005及更高版本)而不是 Unpivot 解决了问题。我根据这篇文章找到了解决方案 An Alternative (Better?) Method to UNPIVOT 逆透视 .

create table #Orders (OrderDate datetime, product nvarchar(100), ItemsCount float, GrossAmount float, employee nvarchar(100))

 insert into #Orders
 select getutcdate(),'Windows',10,10.32,'Me'
 union 
 select getutcdate(),'Office',31,21.23,'you'
 union 
 select getutcdate(),'Office',31,55.45,'me'
 union  
 select getutcdate(),'Windows',10,null,'You'

SELECT OrderDate, product,employee,Measure,MeasureType
 from #Orders orders
 CROSS APPLY (
    VALUES ('ItemsCount',ItemsCount),('GrossAmount',GrossAmount)
    ) 
    x(MeasureType, Measure) 


SELECT OrderDate, product,employee,Measure,MeasureType
from #Orders orders
UNPIVOT
   (Measure FOR MeasureType IN 
      (ItemsCount,GrossAmount)
)AS unpvt;


 drop table #Orders

或者,在SQLServer 2008中,以更短的方式:

...
cross join 
(values('col1'), ('col2'), ('col3'), ('col4')) column_names(column_name)

使用动态SQL和COALESCE,我解决了这样的问题:

DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @cols NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @dataCols NVARCHAR(MAX)

SELECT 
    @dataCols = COALESCE(@dataCols + ', ' + 'ISNULL(' + Name + ',0) ' + Name , 'ISNULL(' + Name + ',0) ' + Name )
FROM Metric WITH (NOLOCK)
ORDER BY ID

SELECT 
    @cols = COALESCE(@cols + ', ' + Name , Name )
FROM Metric WITH (NOLOCK)
ORDER BY ID

SET @SQL = 'SELECT ArchiveID, MetricDate, BoxID, GroupID, ID MetricID, MetricName, Value
            FROM 
               (SELECT ArchiveID, [Date] MetricDate, BoxID, GroupID,  ' + @dataCols + '
                FROM MetricData WITH (NOLOCK)
                INNER JOIN Archive WITH (NOLOCK)
                    ON ArchiveID = ID
                WHERE BoxID = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(40), @BoxID) + '
                AND GroupID = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(40), @GroupID) + ') p
            UNPIVOT
               (Value FOR MetricName IN 
                  (' + @cols + ')
            )AS unpvt
            INNER JOIN Metric WITH (NOLOCK)
                ON MetricName  = Name
            ORDER BY MetricID, MetricDate'

EXECUTE( @SQL )

我发现,在某些情况下,将UNPIVOT结果连接到完整字段列表的左外连接(方便地从INFORMATION_SCHEMA中提取)是解决这个问题的实用答案。

-- test data
CREATE TABLE _t1(name varchar(20),object_id varchar(20),principal_id varchar(20),schema_id varchar(20),parent_object_id varchar(20),type varchar(20),type_desc varchar(20),create_date varchar(20),modify_date varchar(20),is_ms_shipped varchar(20),is_published varchar(20),is_schema_published varchar(20))
INSERT INTO _t1 SELECT 'blah1', 3, NULL, 4, 0, 'blah2', 'blah3', '20100402 16:59:23.267', NULL, 1, 0, 0 

-- example
select c.COLUMN_NAME, Value
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c
left join (
  select * from _t1
) q1
unpivot (Value for COLUMN_NAME in (name,object_id,principal_id,schema_id,parent_object_id,type,type_desc,create_date,modify_date,is_ms_shipped,is_published,is_schema_published)
) t on t.COLUMN_NAME = c.COLUMN_NAME
where c.TABLE_NAME = '_t1'
</pre>

输出如下:

+----------------------+-----------------------+
|    COLUMN_NAME       |        Value          |
+----------------------+-----------------------+
| name                 | blah1                 |
| object_id            | 3                     |
| principal_id         | NULL                  | <======
| schema_id            | 4                     |
| parent_object_id     | 0                     |
| type                 | blah2                 |
| type_desc            | blah3                 |
| create_date          | 20100402 16:59:23.26  |
| modify_date          | NULL                  | <======
| is_ms_shipped        | 1                     |
| is_published         | 0                     |
| is_schema_published  | 0                     |
+----------------------+-----------------------+
    

我也有你的问题,这是 我的快速而肮脏的解决方案:

 select 
     Month,Name,value 
     from TableName 
 unpivot     
  (        
   Value  for Name in (Col_1,Col_2,Col_3,Col_4,Col_5
  )
) u  
    

替换为:

select Month,Name,value from 
    ( select 
          isnull(Month,'no-data') as Month,
          isnull(Name,'no-data') as Name,
          isnull(value,'no-data') as value from TableName
    ) as T1
unpivot
(
    Value 
    for Name in (Col_1,Col_2,Col_3,Col_4,Col_5)  
) u 

好的,空值将被替换为字符串,但所有行都将返回!!