查询在SQLite3中工作,但在Microsoft SQL Server中是一个语法错误

之所以会出现这种错误,是因为这里有括号:

(names_of_numbers as numbers1)

移除它们。

而且,你必须改变 SUBSTR() 到 SUBSTRING() 这是SQL Server的等效函数,但对于您的情况来说 LEFT() 这也行。

而且,由于您正在与 COUNT() 专栏 variables.value SQL Server不允许(SQLite允许)。
而是使用返回 变量。价值 .

最后,对所有表和表使用带别名的正确连接 ON 条款:

SELECT 100.0 * COUNT(DISTINCT n2.language_name) / 
       (SELECT value FROM variables WHERE variable_name = 'Number of Indo-European languages') 
       AS [Percentage of Indo-European languages in which the words for 2 and 10 start with the same letter]
FROM names_of_numbers n1
INNER JOIN names_of_numbers n2 ON n2.language_name = n1.language_name
INNER JOIN languages l ON l.language_name = n2.language_name
WHERE n1.value = 2 AND n2.value = 10 AND SUBSTRING(n1.word, 1, 1) = SUBSTRING(n2.word, 1, 1) 
  AND l.language_family = 'Indo-European';