如何在具有文件路径的Perl字符串中修改目录?

从$newDir中删除尾部斜杠,然后:

($foo = $workingFile) =~ s/^$dir/$newDir/;

做这件事的方法不止一种。使用正确的模块,可以节省大量代码,并使意图更加明确。

use Path::Class qw(dir file);

my $working_file = file('/var/tmp/A/B/filename.log.timestamps.etc');
my $dir          = dir('/var/tmp');
my $new_dir      = dir('/users/asdf');

$working_file->relative($dir)->absolute($new_dir)->stringify;
# returns /users/asdf/A/B/filename.log.timestamps.etc

sh-beta's answer 在回答如何操作字符串方面是正确的,但一般来说,最好使用可用的库来操作文件名和路径:

use strict; use warnings;
use File::Spec::Functions qw(catfile splitdir);

my $workingFile = '/var/tmp/A/B/filename.log.timestamps.etc';
my $dir = '/var/tmp';
my $newDir = '/usrs/asdf';

# remove $dir from $workingFile and keep the rest
(my $keepDirs = $workingFile) =~ s#^\Q$dir\E##;

# join the directory and file components together -- splitdir splits
# into path components (removing all slashes); catfile joins them;
# / or \ is used as appropriate for your operating system.
my $newLocation = catfile(splitdir($newDir), splitdir($keepDirs));
print $newLocation;
print "\n";

给出输出:

/usrs/asdf/tmp/filename.log.timestamps.etc

File::Spec 作为核心Perl的一部分分发。其文档可在命令行中使用 perldoc File::Spec on CPAN here

我最近做过这种事。

$workingFile = '/var/tmp/A/B/filename.log.timestamps.etc';
$dir         = '/var/tmp';
$newDir      = '/users/asdf';

unless ( index( $workingFile, $dir )) { # i.e. index == 0
    return $newDir . substr( $workingFile, length( $dir ));
}