在SQL中按第一个匹配数字排序,然后按第二个匹配数字排序,依此类推

假设您最多有2个数字块,每个数字最多为10位,我为您创建了一个这样的示例clr udf(dbproject-sql clr database project):

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

public partial class UserDefinedFunctions
{
    [Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlFunction]
    public static SqlString CustomStringParser(SqlString str)
    {
        int depth = 2; // 2 numbers at most
        int width = 10; // 10 digits at most

        List<string> numbers = new List<string>();
        var matches = Regex.Matches((string)str, @"\d+");
        foreach (Match match in matches)
        {
            numbers.Add(int.Parse(match.Value).ToString().PadLeft(width, '0'));
        }
        return string.Join("", numbers.ToArray()).PadRight(depth*width);
    }
}

IF EXISTS ( SELECT  *
            FROM    sys.objects
            WHERE   object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[ufn_MyCustomParser]') AND
                    type IN ( N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT' ) )
  DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[ufn_MyCustomParser]
GO
IF EXISTS ( SELECT  *
            FROM    sys.[assemblies] AS [a]
            WHERE   [a].[name] = 'DbProject' AND
                    [a].[is_user_defined] = 1 )
  DROP ASSEMBLY DbProject;
GO


CREATE ASSEMBLY DbProject
FROM 'C:\SQLCLR\DbProject\DbProject\bin\Debug\DbProject.dll'
WITH PERMISSION_SET = SAFE;
GO

CREATE FUNCTION ufn_MyCustomParser ( @csv NVARCHAR(4000))
RETURNS NVARCHAR(4000)
AS EXTERNAL NAME
  DbProject.[UserDefinedFunctions].CustomStringParser;
GO

注意:SQL Server 2012(2017年有严格的安全问题需要您处理)。

declare @MyTable table (col1 varchar(50));
insert into @MyTable values
('Btc0504'),
('Btc0007_Shd_7'),
('Btc0007_Shd_01'),
('Btc0007_Shd_6'),
('MR_Tst_Btc0565'),
('Btc0004_Shd_4'),
('Btc_BwwwQAZtc0605'),
('Btc_Bwwwwe12541edddddtc0605'),
('QARTa1b2');
SELECT * FROM @MyTable
ORDER BY dbo.ufn_MyCustomParser(col1);

输出:

col1
QARTa1b2
Btc0004_Shd_4
Btc0007_Shd_01
Btc0007_Shd_6
Btc0007_Shd_7
Btc0504
MR_Tst_Btc0565
Btc_BwwwQAZtc0605
Btc_Bwwwwe12541edddddtc0605

patindex

declare @tbl table (col1 varchar(50));
insert into @tbl values
('Btc0504'),
('Btc0007_Shd_7'),
('Btc0007_Shd_6'),
('MR_Tst_Btc0565'),
('Btc0004_Shd_4'),
('Btc_Btc0605');

select col1 from (
    select col1,
           PATINDEX('%[0-9]%', col1) [startIndex],
           case PATINDEX('%[0-9][^0-9]%', col1) when 0 then LEN(col1) else     PATINDEX('%[0-9][^0-9]%', col1) end [endIndex]
    from @tbl
) [a]
order by CAST(SUBSTRING(col1, startIndex, endIndex - startIndex + 1) as int)

我提出了另一个解决方案,它非常紧凑,而且更一般:

;with cte as (
    select 1 [n], col1, STUFF(col1, PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%', col1), 1, '.') refined_col1 from @tbl
    union all
    select n+1, col1, STUFF(refined_col1, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', refined_col1), 1, '.') from cte
    where n < 100 -- <--this number must be greater than the greatest amount of non-digits in a col1, this way, you are sure that you'll remove all unnecesary characters
)

select col1, refined_col1 from cte
where PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', refined_col1) = 0
order by CAST(replace(refined_col1, '.', '') as int)
option (maxrecursion 0)

也就是说,一个解决方法是使用基本的字符串操作来提取两个您希望用于排序的组件。请注意,我们必须将它们强制转换为数字,否则它们将无法作为文本正确排序。

从条目 charindex('shd_uu',entry)+4, 否则1结束;

SELECT *
FROM entries
ORDER BY
    CAST(SUBSTRING(entry, PATINDEX('%Btc[0-9]%', entry) + 3, 4) AS INT),
    CASE WHEN CHARINDEX('Shd_', entry) > 0
         THEN
         CAST(SUBSTRING(entry,
                        CHARINDEX('Shd_', entry) + 4,
                        LEN(entry) - CHARINDEX('Shd_', entry) -4) AS INT)
         ELSE 1 END;

Demo

您可以使用计数表/数字表来获取每个字符,只查找数字,然后组合数字以形成字符串(可以强制转换为bigint)。然后您可以根据这个字符串进行订购。

See working demo

; with numbers as (
    select top 10000
        r= row_number() over( order by (select null))
    from sys.objects o1 
        cross join sys.objects o2
   )

, onlynumbers as
(
    select * from t 
    cross apply
    ( select part =substring(num,r,1),r
      from numbers where r<=len(num)
     )y
    where part  like '[0-9]' 
)

, finalorder as
(
    select num,cast(replace(stuff
    ((
        select ','+part
        from onlynumbers o2 
        where o2.num=o1.num
        order by o2.r
        for xml path('')
        ),1,1,''),',','') as bigint) b
  from onlynumbers o1
  group by num
   )
 select num from finalorder order by b asc

性能方面,您应该修复数据的根本原因。

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udf_ExtratcNumbersOnly
(@string VARCHAR(256))
RETURNS int
AS
BEGIN
    WHILE PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%',@string) <> 0
    SET @string = STUFF(@string,PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%',@string),1,'')
    RETURN cast (@string as int)
END
GO

然后将其用作下一个:

declare @MyTable table (col1 varchar(50));
insert into @MyTable values
('Btc0504'),
('Btc0007_Shd_7'),
('Btc0007_Shd_6'),
('MR_Tst_Btc0565'),
('Btc0004_Shd_4'),
('Btc_BwwwQAZtc0605'),
('Btc_Bwwwwe12541edddddtc0605'),
('QARTa1b2c3d4e5');

select * from @MyTable 
order by (dbo.udf_ExtratcNumbersOnly(col1))

Btc0004_Shd_4
Btc0007_Shd_6
Btc0007_Shd_7
Btc0504
MR_Tst_Btc0565
Btc_BwwwQAZtc0605
QARTa1b2c3d4e5
Btc_Bwwwwe12541edddddtc0605

Demo.