在Oracle SQL中,“%type”是什么意思?

PostgreSQL

%TYPE

DECLARE v_id ORDERS.ORDER_ID%TYPE

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14261/fundamentals.htm#i6080

This is used in cursors to declare a single variable to contain a single record from the resultset of a cursor or table without needing to specify individual variables

DECLARE
  CURSOR c1 IS
     SELECT last_name, salary, hire_date, job_id 
       FROM employees 
      WHERE employee_id = 120;

  -- declare record variable that represents a row fetched from the employees table
  employee_rec c1%ROWTYPE; 

BEGIN
 -- open the explicit cursor and use it to fetch data into employee_rec
 OPEN c1;
 FETCH c1 INTO employee_rec;
 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || employee_rec.last_name);
END;
/

%Type

 Declare
            L_num Number(5,2) not null default 3.21;
            L_num_Test L_num%Type:=1.123;

L_num_Test

set serveroutput on
DECLARE
  var1  table_a.id%TYPE;
  var2  table_a.value%TYPE;
  var3_row table_a%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
  SELECT id,value
    INTO var1, var2
    FROM table_a
  WHERE id= 8 AND ROWNUM<=1; 

  SELECT id+100,value INTO var3_row from table_A where rownum=1;

  INSERT INTO table_a VALUES var3_row;

  dbms_output.put_line('this is a test');
  dbms_output.put_line(var1);
  dbms_output.put_line(var2);
  NULL;  -- do something useful here
EXCEPTION
  WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
    NULL;  -- do something appropriate here
  WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
    NULL;  -- do something appropriate here
END;
/