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如何使响应网格具有方格图案?

css-grid css html
  •  0
  • Hao Wu  · 技术社区  · 5 年前

    我有一个响应的网格布局。根据窗口宽度,可以有任意数量的列。

    我试图使网格有一个方格图案,所以我使用 odd 和 even 为网格单元格上色的选择器。

    但它只在列数为奇数时才起作用。当列数为偶数时,它将成为条带模式。

    有没有css属性/选择器来解决这个问题,或者有更好的方法来解决这个问题?

    以下是我的项目的简化代码,显示了问题: 

    .grid {
  display: grid;
  counter-reset: spans;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cols), 1fr);
  grid-gap: 1px;
}

.grid > * {
  counter-increment: spans;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  color: #fff;
}

.grid > *::after {
  content: counter(spans);
}

/* Coloring */
.grid > *:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: #789;
}

.grid > *:not(:nth-child(odd)) {
  background-color: #567;
}
    <h2>Works when columns are odd</h2>
<div class="grid" style="--cols: 5;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

<h2>Doesn't work while even</h2>
<div class="grid" style="--cols: 4;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>
    0 回复  |  直到 5 年前
        1
  •  3
  •   Temani Afif    5 年前

    如果知道行数或至少知道它们的最大值,则可以使用渐变和多个背景轻松实现此目的。唯一的缺点是,着色将在容器上,因此您可以让空单元格也着色。 

    .grid {
  display: grid;
  margin:10px 0;
  counter-reset: spans;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cols), 1fr);
  grid-auto-rows: 40px;
  --grad:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,red 0 calc(50% / var(--cols)),blue calc(50% / var(--cols))  calc(100% / var(--cols)));
  background:
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad);
  background-size:200% 40px;
  background-position: 
    0                        calc(0*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(1*40px),
    0                        calc(2*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(3*40px),
    0                        calc(4*40px);
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
}

.grid > * {
  counter-increment: spans;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  color: #fff;
}

.grid > *::after {
  content: counter(spans);
}
    <div class="grid" style="--cols: 5;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

<div class="grid" style="--cols: 4;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

<div class="grid" style="--cols: 8;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

    为了避免空单元格的着色,我们可以考虑使用伪元素但没有透明度的黑客: 

    .grid {
  display: grid;
  counter-reset: spans;
  margin:10px 0;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cols), 1fr);
  grid-auto-rows: 40px;
  --grad:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,red 0 calc(50% / var(--cols)),blue calc(50% / var(--cols))  calc(100% / var(--cols)));
  background:
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad);
  background-size:200% 40px;
  background-position: 
    0                        calc(0*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(1*40px),
    0                        calc(2*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(3*40px),
    0                        calc(4*40px);
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  overflow:hidden;
}

.grid > * {
  counter-increment: spans;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  color: #fff;
  position:relative;
}

.grid > *::after {
  content: counter(spans);
}
.grid > *:last-child::before {
  content:"";
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  left:100%;
  width:100vw;
  background:#fff;
}
    <div class="grid" style="--cols: 5;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

<div class="grid" style="--cols: 4;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

<div class="grid" style="--cols: 8;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

    模拟可以考虑的间隙 outline 在网格项上(仍然没有透明度): 

    .grid {
  display: grid;
  counter-reset: spans;
  margin:10px 0;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cols), 1fr);
  grid-auto-rows: 40px;
  --grad:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,red 0 calc(50% / var(--cols)),blue calc(50% / var(--cols))  calc(100% / var(--cols)));
  background:
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad);
  background-size:200% 40px;
  background-position: 
    0                        calc(0*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(1*40px),
    0                        calc(2*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(3*40px),
    0                        calc(4*40px);
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  overflow:hidden;
}

.grid > * {
  counter-increment: spans;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  color: #fff;
  position:relative;
  outline:1px solid #fff;
}

.grid > *::after {
  content: counter(spans);
}
.grid > *:last-child::before {
  content:"";
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  left:100%;
  width:100vw;
  background:#fff;
}
    <div class=“grid”style=”--cols:5;“>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
</分区>

<div class=“grid”style=”--cols:4;“>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
</分区>

<div class=“grid”style=”--cols:8;“>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
</分区>

    如果你想有透明度的差距,你可以考虑 mask 你用梯度定义的。您需要一个额外的包装: 

    .grid {
  display: grid;
  counter-reset: spans;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cols), 1fr);
  grid-auto-rows: 40px;
  --grad:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,red 0 calc(50% / var(--cols)),blue calc(50% / var(--cols))  calc(100% / var(--cols)));
  background:
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad);
  background-size:200% 40px;
  background-position: 
    0                        calc(0*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(1*40px),
    0                        calc(2*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(3*40px),
    0                        calc(4*40px);
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  -webkit-mask:
    repeating-linear-gradient(to right,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px),
      transparent calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px) calc(100% / var(--cols)))
    center/calc(100% + 2px) 100%;  
  mask:
    repeating-linear-gradient(to right,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px),
      transparent calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px) calc(100% / var(--cols)))
    center/calc(100% + 2px) 100%;  
}
.wrapper {
  margin:30px 0;
  -webkit-mask:repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(40px - 1px),
      transparent calc(40px - 1px) 40px)
    center/100% calc(100% + 2px);
  mask:repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(40px - 1px),
      transparent calc(40px - 1px) 40px)
    center/100% calc(100% + 2px);
}

.grid > * {
  counter-increment: spans;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  color: #fff;
  position:relative;
}

.grid > *::after {
  content: counter(spans);
}


body {
  background:yellow;
}
    <div class="wrapper">
<div class="grid" style="--cols: 5;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>
</div>

<div class="wrapper">
<div class="grid" style="--cols: 4;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>
</div>

<div class="wrapper">
<div class="grid" style="--cols: 8;">
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
  <span></span>
</div>

</div>

    使用 mask-composite 以及 ìntersect 值,我们不需要额外的层,但实际上它只适用于Firefox: 

    .grid {
  display: grid;
  counter-reset: spans;
  margin:30px 0;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cols), 1fr);
  grid-auto-rows: 40px;
  --grad:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,red 0 calc(50% / var(--cols)),blue calc(50% / var(--cols))  calc(100% / var(--cols)));
  background:
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad),
    var(--grad);
  background-size:200% 40px;
  background-position: 
    0                        calc(0*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(1*40px),
    0                        calc(2*40px),
    calc(100% / var(--cols)) calc(3*40px),
    0                        calc(4*40px);
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  -webkit-mask:
    repeating-linear-gradient(to right,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px),
      transparent calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px) calc(100% / var(--cols)))
    center/calc(100% + 2px) 100%,
    repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(40px - 1px),
      transparent calc(40px - 1px) 40px)
    center/100% calc(100% + 2px);  
  mask:
    repeating-linear-gradient(to right,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px),
      transparent calc(100% / var(--cols) - 1px) calc(100% / var(--cols)))
    center/calc(100% + 2px) 100%,
    repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,
      transparent 0 1px,#fff 1px calc(40px - 1px),
      transparent calc(40px - 1px) 40px)
    center/100% calc(100% + 2px);  
    
    -webkit-mask-composite:intersect;
    mask-composite:intersect;
}


.grid > * {
  counter-increment: spans;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  color: #fff;
  position:relative;
}

.grid > *::after {
  content: counter(spans);
}


body {
  background:yellow;
}
    <div class=“grid”style=”--cols:5;“>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
</分区>

<div class=“grid”style=”--cols:4;“>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
</分区>

<div class=“grid”style=”--cols:8;“>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN></SPAN>
</分区>
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