如何在Linux上以编程方式获取USB供应商和产品信息?

lsusb 命令查询有关当前插入的USB设备的信息。你可以用它 -d

$ lsusb -d 0e21:0750
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0e21:0750 Cowon Systems, Inc.

$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0421:01c7 Nokia Mobile Phones
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:8187 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8187 Wireless Adapter
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0e21:0750 Cowon Systems, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 002: ID 046d:c01b Logitech, Inc. MX310 Optical Mouse
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

lsusb -v )印刷 很多 很多东西。

lsusb接口

我自己没试过 libudev's udev_device_get_property_value 应该是这样;它用于 pulseaudio's udev-util.c udev_device_get_property_value(card, "ID_VENDOR_FROM_DATABASE")) .

这是一个小例子,我刚刚放在一起,基于 udev-util.c -注意,我使用了带有FTDI FT232芯片的Arduino Duemillanove,我发现它的udev路径是 udevadm (参见下面代码中的注释),然后我在下面的程序中硬编码了它, udevl.c :

// sudo apt-get install libudev-dev
// build with: gcc -o udevl -ludev -Wall -g udevl.c

#include <stdio.h>

#include <libudev.h>

int main( int argc, char **argv )
{
  const char *v;
  char t[256];
  struct udev *udev;
  struct udev_device *card = NULL;

  if (!(udev = udev_new())) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate udev context.\n");
      return -1;
  }

  // $ lsusb | grep FT232
  // Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0403:6001 Future Technology Devices International, Ltd FT232 USB-Serial (UART) IC    
  // $ udevadm info --name=/dev/ttyUSB0 --attribute-walk | grep "looking at device"
  // looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/ttyUSB0/tty/ttyUSB0'
  // (that one is under /sys)
  // hardcode that path below:

  // udev_get_sys_path(udev) for me: '/sys'
  sprintf(t, "%s/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/ttyUSB0/tty/ttyUSB0", udev_get_sys_path(udev));
  fprintf(stdout, " path: %s\n", t);

  card = udev_device_new_from_syspath(udev, t);
  fprintf(stdout, " udev_device: 0x%08X\n", (unsigned int)card);

  if ((v = udev_device_get_property_value(card, "ID_MODEL_FROM_DATABASE")) )
    fprintf(stdout, "got ID_MODEL_FROM_DATABASE: %s\n", v);
  else
    fprintf(stdout, "failed getting ID_MODEL_FROM_DATABASE: %s\n", v);

  fprintf(stdout, "Done.\n");

  if (card)
    udev_device_unref(card);

  if (udev)
    udev_unref(udev);

  return 0;
}

$ ./udevl 
 path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/ttyUSB0/tty/ttyUSB0
 udev_device: 0x09FBF080
got ID_MODEL_FROM_DATABASE: FT232 USB-Serial (UART) IC
Done.

usb.ids .

希望这有帮助,

在我的Ubuntu系统上 lsusb(1) /var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids 是id文件的位置;实际上,有两个符号链接,其中一个是 /usr/share/misc/usb.ids . 在信任符号链接之前,我会信任实际位置:

$ ls -l /usr/share/misc/usb.ids /var/lib/misc/usb.ids /var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     25 2010-04-29 18:08 /usr/share/misc/usb.ids -> /var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     19 2010-04-29 18:08 /var/lib/misc/usb.ids -> ../usbutils/usb.ids
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 368377 2009-11-06 09:26 /var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids

您的USB设备不需要将供应商和产品ID与实际的正确名称相匹配。

从设备本身获取这些信息会更安全,比如 libusb 或 lsusb

lsusb

你得到这样的东西

Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 138a:0010 Validity Sensors, Inc. VFS Fingerprint sensor
Bus 001 Device 008: ID 13d3:3491 IMC Networks 

然后: ID 1d6b:0003 可以看作: vendor = 1d6b product = 0003